2. Unit 3 Computers

3. The development of computers

4. I am very old now. I was born in China. Many people used me for calculating in the past, but now I am a bit lonely because they don’t like me now. Do you know who I am? abacus Riddles ( 谜语 )

5. I am very small. I can be used for calculating. In China, a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems. Do you know who I am? calculator

6. I am very big. Scientists use me to solve some mathematical problems. huge computer Do you know who I am?

7. PC Personal Computer I’m a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. I’m based on the microprocessor technology. At home, people use me to surf the Internet and play games. Do you know who I am?

8. I can be used for calculating. Besides, I can also be used for watching DVD, sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet. However, I am not a PC, because I’m small enough for you to take me with you. Do you know who I am? laptop

9. PDA Personal Digital Assistant I am so small in size that I can fit in your hand. I usually have a small screen usually bigger than a digital phone, however smaller than the smallest laptop, I’m a great way to store telephone numbers, access the Internet, make calculations, and so on. Do you know who I am?

10. robot I’m a machine that works automatically. I can do a wide variety of tasks, especially suitable for doing jobs too boring, difficult, or dangerous for human beings. Do you know who I am?

11. PDA abacus calculator huge computer PC laptop What’s next? Can you tell the development of computers? robot

12. WHO AM I? Reading

13. Skimming to get general ideas

14. 1. Who is the speaker in this story? 2. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. The development of computers. B. The development and use of computers. C. A machine which is simple-minded. D. Computers may replace human beings. A computer. Reading Comprehension I Skimming

15. Scanning to get more information

16. Look at these inventions. Can you put them in an order according to the time when they appeared? ( ) analytical machine ( ) laptop ( ) calculating machine ( ) robot ( ) PC ( ) universal machine 1 2 3 4 5 6 Reading Comprehension II Scanning

17. Complete the chart below. Para- graph 1 Para- graph 2 Para- graph 3 Topic sentence Supportin g details tubes communica-tions finance Reading Comprehension VI Careful reading

18. Paragraph 1 Topic sentence Over time I have been changed quite a lot. Supporting details 1 calculating machine 2 analytical machine 3 universal machine 4 PC 5 laptop

19. Paragraph 2 Topic sentence These changes only became possible as my memory improved. Supporting details 1 tubes 2 transistors 3 chips 4 network 5 World Wide Web

20. Paragraph 3 Topic sentence Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. Supporting details 1 communications 2 finance 3 trade 4 robots 5 mobile phones 6 medical operations 7 space rockets 8 providing a life of high quality

21. 1. My real father was Charles Babbage, who wrote a book and built me in 1936. 2. I began as a calculating machine in Japan in 1642. 3. In 1936, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. 4. As time went by, I was made bigger. Reading Comprehension III reading

22. 1. When was the “universal machine” built? A. In 1822. B. In 1642. C. In 1936. D. In 1970. 2. When was the computer the biggest? A. In 1642. B. In 1936. C. In the 1940s. D. In the 1970s. Reading Comprehension IV Scanning

23. 3. Which of the following is in the right order of time? a. The computer was connected with other computers. b. Alan Turing wrote a book about the computer. c. The computer has been sent to explore the Moon and Mars. d. The computer began to simplify difficult sums. A. a. b. c. d. B. b. c. a. d. C. d. a. c. b. D. d. b. a. c.

24. 1642 1822 The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage. The computer began as a calculating machine. 1936 The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. Finish the table below. Reading Comprehension V Scanning

25. 1940s The first family of computers was connected to each other. 1970s Now 1960s Computers were used in offices and homes. Computers connect people all over the world together. The computer had grown as large as a room.

26. Summary: I began as a ________ machine in 1642 in France. In 1822 I was built as an ________ machine. Then in 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book and built a ________ machine. As the years have___ ___, I have been made ______. There were times when my size ______ changed. And my memory became _____ large _____ I couldn’t believe it. In the 1960s they gave me a family_________ by a network. I was able to _________________with others through the World Wide Web. Since the 1970s many new applications ______________ for me. calculating analytical universal gone bysmaller totally so that connected share my knowledge have been found

27. For Surfing online is harmful to the young Against debate

28. For Surfing online is harmful to the young Have bad effect on study A waste of money A waste of time

29. Against Surfing online is good to the young Learn Communicate Entertainment Improve

30. advantages 1. we can communicate with friends 2. listen to the music 3. see films & watch news 4. play games 5. do shopping 6. save a lot of time 7. do a lot of useful things Disadvantages Some people especially the teenagers abandon ( 沉迷于 ) themselves to the computer games and chatting on the Internet. As a result, they have little time to study. It is bad for our eyes and health to spend long time in front of computers.

31. Conclusion There is no doubt that computer has two sides,too. If we make good use of it, it will make our lives more colorful and convenient. But don’t lose yourself in playing computers. Just remember: Keep fit, study well and work hard.