1. Bioethanol

2. BIOLOGY
Taiyo Hamada

3. What is Ethanol ? Ethanol - also known as ethyl alcohol
Its the intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquors; used pure or denatured as a solvent

4. Ethanol from corn
It is made by yeast from sugars. Fuel ethanol is highly concentrated to remove the water and blended with other compounds. 
It is done from the process called fermentation, yeast produces CO2 after eating sugars and produce ethanol as a waste.

5. Ethanol pollution
Ethanol is releasing lots of carbon monoxide and also Volatile organic compounds (VOC) is being released by the ethanol plants, this is  dangerous and pollutes the water supplies.  
The FUMES are produced when fermented corn is dried and selling for sale as a food for animal. Thermal oxidizers can be attached to the plants to burn off the dangerous gases.
fume = a gas or vapor that smells strongly or is dangerous to inhale.

6. Self Reflection
Pros - Its worse doing it as a group because we could easily communicate through the skype, facebook, and wikispace.
we could talk to each other and cooperate for the work. You can easily get help from others and hear their suggestions against your work or you can suggest them what to do to make it better. 
Cons - It is sometimes hard to contact to each other due to someone`s situation, it also requires lots of internet works and computers, it won`t be helpful without the labtop at home. Time managing was hard because we all live in a different place.

7. BIOLOGY II
Stephen Huang

8. Biodiversities Affected By Climate Change in Rainforests
Changes in weather patterns, rainfall distribution, and temperature
Sea levels may rise
Many communities will need to migrate
Lizard species
Medicines

9. Biodiversities of Ethanol Fermentation
Food shortages
and you can prob mention the fodder thing i said. Rainforests cut down to make corn fields, which leads to the destruction of the habitat. Loss of the plants that make up the habitat, inhabitatsthat no longer have a habitat to live in and therefore cant survive

10. Reflections
PROS: Communication overall was smooth. We have used Skype and Facebook to communicate in live-time, which proved to be very successful. Cooperation among team members was excellent.
CONS: Difficulty following our deadlines; lack of familiarity of the site

11. CHEMISTRY
Suyeon So

12. Property of Ethanol Molecular formula: C2H50H
Colorless, inflammable liquid
Burns with smokeless blue flame
Hydroxyl group  Hydrogen Bonding
Ethylene Hydration and Fermentation
Flash point: 13°C
Density: g/cm3

13. Property of Gasoline Molecular formula: C8H18
Yellow color, volatile and inflammable liquid
Vaporizes at the low temperature
Burns with black smoke and red flame
Oil refineries (distillation)
Flash point: 43°C
Density: g/cm3

14. Combustion of Ethanol C2H50H(l) + 3O2(g)  2CO2(g) + 3H20(l)
50 L of Ethanol ≈ 50000cm3
50000cm3 × 0.789g/cm3 = 39450g
Number of Ethanol moles: 39450÷46.08 ≈ moles
Mole ratio of Ethanol and CO2 gas – 1:2
Number of CO2 moles: moles
Amount of CO2 gas produced
mol × 44.01g = g
≈ kg

15. Combustion of Gasoline
C8H18(l) O2(g) = 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l)
50L of Gasoline ≈ 50000cm3
50000cm3 × 0.720g/cm3 = 36000g
Number of Gasoline moles: 36000÷ ≈ moles
Mole ratio of Gasoline and CO2 gas – 1:8
Number of CO2 moles: moles
Amount of CO2 gas produced
mol × 44.01g = g
≈ kg
kg MORE!!

16. Self Reflection Pros Cons
Good communication: making decisions for topic and division of work went smoothly
Cooperation: increased efficiency of work and reduced time spent for the project
Cons
Confusion: no rubric, problems in using wiki page
Conjunction between topics: hard to separate it in to two parts

17. PHYSICS
Aileen Frotten

18. Efficiency of Energy 2.6 gallons of corn  1 gallon of ethanol
131,000 BTU = corn production, conversion to 1 gallon pure ethanol.
3 sets of distillation processes to separate 8% ethanol from 92% water. More treatment+energy to produce ethanol (99.8% pure)
77,000 BTU = energy 1 gallon ethanol provides
131, ,000 = 54,000 BTU net energy loss
It takes more energy to produce the ethanol than the ethanol actually provides! EXTREMELY inefficient!

19. Ethanol Fermentation and Purification Experiment
Aim: To ferment and purify home-made ethanol to make it as pure as possible, in order to understand the energy required to produce ethanol

20. Fermentation
Ingredients: Corn Starch (90.7g), Sugar (90.7g), Water (757ml), Yeast (2g) Process: Combine and mix measured ingredients Pour into sealed container (I used pet bottle) Place in warm environment(near 30°C) for 50 hours
Approximately mL total!

21. Purification
Procedure: Place filter paper in funnel Place funnel over conical flask Filter ethanol through the funnel, and observe the purified product in the flask. Double-distill the solution using powdered active charcoal Filter once more in a separate set of flasks and funnels Remove sugar from ethanol solution using condenser Part 2: Condenser Keep cool water running through the condenser through the two openings Set a tube with a cork on one end on the end of the condenser Place a sample of the double-purified ethanol on top of the hot plate in a beaker, and put the corked end of the tube in the beaker Collect the ethanol that has undergone the entire procedure at the opposite end of the condenser.

22. Comparison: Water to Ethanol Density Gradient
Y= x+1.01

23. Experiment Results Average Density of our purified ethanol = 0.9712
Trial
Mass of Ethanol
Density 1
9.99
0.999 2
9.82
0.982 3
9.79
0.979 4
9.74
0.974 5
9.26
0.926
Average Density of our purified ethanol =
Density = Mass/Volume
Volume is a constant (10cm cubed)
Final mass: 26/50 mL
Ratio: x/940.4mL
X= mL
This means that 48% of the entire process became waste!
Y= x+1.01
0.9712= x+1.01
X=16.10%
All of this effort only led to 16.1% pure ethanol!

24. Self Reflection
Pros: Overall very smooth communication, integration of ideas and suggestions, consistent work
Cons: More communication with FISNIS, lack of Wikispace daily checks, confusion of final compilation method

25. Bibliography