1. 1 ITEC0724 Modern Related Technology on Mobile D. : Introduction to Cloud Computing Lecture Notes #1

2. Background Brief Dr. Suronapee Phoomvuthisarn PhD in CSE, University of New South Wales, 2011 National ICT Australia (2008 - 2011) Research interests in software architecture Service Economics, Cloud Computing Work History: Mahanakorn University of Technology (Since 2007) Position: รองคณบดีฝ่ายกิจการนักศึกษาและประชา สัมพัน http://www.it.mut.ac.th/new/index.php/personal/view/9 Email : suronape@mut.ac.thsuronape@mut.ac.th 2

3. 3 Intro Class objectives Materials Text Sosinsky, B., (2011), Cloud Computing Bible, Wiley. Articles Grading policy Lab 7/12/13, 28/12/13, 4/1/14 Exercises/Presentations/Group Discussions Project on Cloud-based Mobile Applications

4. Learning Outcome Understand the fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing Evaluate and select an appropriate public cloud provider by applying the theoretical concepts and practical techniques from the course. Analyse and explain key aspects of building for and/or migrating systems to Cloud such as costs involved, potential benefits, security issues, regulatory concerns, and standards. 4

5. Learning Outcome (2) Understand the fundamental concepts of Mobile Cloud Computing Provide a detailed description of technologies and approaches enabling Mobile Cloud computing originated from Cloud such as virtualization (Will have a lab next week). Describe different concepts and mechanisms underpinning Mobile Cloud Computing such as architecture, security, applications and its potential impacts on businesses. 5

6. Outline What is Cloud Computing? Main Aspects of a Cloud System through the cloud map Cloud service models Cloud provider Cloud benefits Cloud challenges Summary 6

7. Cloud 7

8. What is Cloud Computing? 8 “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.” (A definition by NIST, 2011)

9. 9 Market Forecast

10. 10 Main Aspects of a Cloud System: Cloud map

11. 11 Features (or Characteristics) Distributed computing at a massive scale On demand elasticity Exploiting existing technologies such as “Virtualization” Pay per use model Multi-tenancy

12. 12 What is different? Scale - Some companies that rely on cloud computing have infrastructures that scale over several (or more) data centers, Amazon & YouTube Simplicity –simpler computing APIs Pricing –pay as you use and No upfront capital expenditure –from investment to operational cost

13. 13 What is different? (2) Availability of infinite computing resources on demand to follow the load surges; eliminating the need for planning far ahead for provisioning No requirements for an up-front commitment and enabling companies to start small and increase resources only when the need increases The ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed (for example, processors by the hour and storage by the day) and release them as needed, thereby rewarding conservation by letting machines and storage go when they are no longer useful.

14. Cloud Models 14

15. Cloud Service Models 15 Modified from Building the cloud Virtualized Optical WAN

16. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Also known as Datacenter as a Service Hardware virtualized in cloud based on demand Service vendor owns equipment A user creates virtual hardware for deploying applications or platform for developing application Incredibly disruptive technology for utility computing A typical eCommerce system will have Web server, Application server, File server, Database, Transaction engine, & other types of servers Fundamental unit of virtualized client is workload 16

17. IaaS: Pods, Aggregation, & Failover 17

18.  สามารถการย้าย virtual machine โดย การย้ายไปยั่งอีก Storage หนึ่ง vMotion vSphere Layer 2 Network local vSphere

19. 19 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) –Virtual machines and CPU cycles Simple Storage Service (S3) –Virtual storage service Simple Queue Service (SQS) –Message passing API SimpleDB–Running queries on structured data in real time –works with EC2 and S3

20. AWS Management Console 20

21. Amazon EC2 Pricing 21

22. Platform as a Service (PaaS) A software environment that provides development and deployment environment and tools (e.g., application development, database development, storage, testing, etc.) A platform can be specific to a language, application framework, or other constructs PaaS system must also support the development of interfaces with technologies like HTML, JavaScript Vendor lock-in is quite considerable –migrating a python application written for Google’s API 22

23. PaaS Model Services A set of technologies and tools Collaboration –Multiple people can work together Data management –Accessing and using data Instrumentation, performance, and testing Storage service with the same vendor or a third party Transaction management services or brokerage services for managing transactions 23

24. Google App Engine 24

25. Windows Azure Windows Azure –Service hosting and management, storage, computation, networking Microsoft SQL Services –Database services and reporting Microsoft.NetServices –Service-based implementation of.NET framework 25

26. Software as a Service (SaaS) Also known as application as a Service Any application that is delivered over the platform of the web. Major Categories of SaaS Line of Business Services Business solutions offered to companies based on subscription fee, e.g., CRM and Supply Chain Management Customer-oriented Services Services offered to general public, most free Business models are based on advertising revenue (e.g., You Tube) 26

27. SaaS Characteristics Browser based on demand availability, different kinds of licenses Responsibilities -Vendors and Users Cheaper compared with shrink-wrapped versions, lowering entry barriers Compatibility among all users’ software Shared data model for multiple users through single instance, multi-tenancy 27

28. Some of the SaaS Providers Intuit Quikbooks and Quikbook online Phone and Blackberry capabilities Google Google Apps (Standard and Premier Edition) Microsoft Microsoft Office Live Small Business & Office 365 IBM Blue Cloud 28

29. Potential Advantages Faster time to market and improved productivity with lower cost Eliminate the need to install and maintain Fast upgrades of new features and patches Provision of application developed using very mature processes and practices Companies can focus on core business 29

30. Potential Disadvantages Maturity in designing multi-tenant applications Required cultural and organizational changes Difficult to translate business models Some applications not suitable for this model Need to comply with the vendors’ constraints 30

31. Service Models and their risks 31 Modified from Cloud Computing Impact on future enterprise architectures, Schekkerman, J.

32. 32 Is Cloud Computing for Me? For end users Cost reduction: From capital investment to operational expense (pay-per-use) Ease of use via standardized mechanisms, e.g. Browser Flexibility and short time-to-result Services (or application) providers Reduction of the entrance barrier Reduction of time to market Private cloud provider Maximize the utilisation of computing resources

33. 33 Benefits of Cloud Computing On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Lower costs (not always) Ease of utilization Quality of Service (not always) Reliability (not always) Outsourced IT management Simplified maintenance and upgrade Low barrier to entry

34. 34 Some of the Challenges!!! Security Would my data be more secure with Cloud provider? Interoperability Significant risk of vendor lock-in –Standardized interfaces not available, incompatible programming models Reliability Use of commodity hardware, prone to failure Laws and regulations Privacy, security, and location of data storage Organizational changes Changing authorities of IT departments, compliance policies Cost Purchase vs. Lease? Network Latency How long does it take to send 1 TB over 20Mbps in WAN

35. Virtualization Technology Virtualization is the creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such as a hardware platform, operating system (OS), storage device, or network resources. Two type of Virtualization Server consolidation High performance computing 35

36. 36

37. What is VMware? All require same physical space. All require same power. Reconfiguration and setup Support and maintenance

38. What is VMware? Flexibility Rapid provisioning Disaster Recovery High Availability Automation Systems Management integration Adaptive Data Center

39. Virtualization Infrastructure Interconnect Pool CPU Pool Memory Pool Storage Pool APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS WebsphereExchangeFile/Print Virtual Infrastructure

40. Virtualization Infrastructure Interconnect Pool CPU Pool Memory Pool Storage Pool APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS WebsphereExchangeFile/Print Virtual Infrastructure

41. Virtualization type Server virtualization Desktop virtualization Storage virtualization Network virtualization Memory virtualization Application virtualization 41

42. Server Virtualization 42

43. Desktop Virtualization

44. 44 Benefits of Virtualization Virtualization supports “Abstraction” Virtualization is a key enabler of abstraction and cloud computing –logical address (id) for extendable and scalable physical resources Virtualization supports Load balancing A load balancer listens to service request and uses a scheduling algorithm to assign the request Keeps the record of a request’s session to support a failover for the request Porting applications between vendors

45. How Virtualization works Hypervisor A low level program that provides system resources access to virtual machines Hypervisor is also called Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) One level higher than the supervisory program for a hardware and/or hardware & OS Two types of Hypervisor Type 1 or full virtualization (Oracle VM, Vmware ESX) Type 2 or para-virtualization (Xen) 45

46. Types of Hypervisors 46 Types of Hypervsiors : Reproduced Figure 5.1 from Sosinsky, B., Cloud Computing Bible, 2011.

47. References Armbrust, M., et al., 2010, A View of Cloud Computing, ACM, 53(4), pp. 50-58. Zhang, Q., Cheng, L., Boutaba, R., Cloud Coomputing: state-of-the-art and research challenges, Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 2010, 1:7-18. The Future of Cloud Computing: Opportunities for European Cloud Computing Beyond 2010. Chapter 3,4,5,7 Sosinsky, B., Cloud Computing Bible, Wiley, 2011 47

48. Thank you!! Question? 48