1. Introduction to Audiology Chapter 1
heard
that!
Introduction to Audiology Chapter 1
Perry C. Hanavan, Au.D,
Audiologist

2. Circle of Courage

3. BIGM

4. Auditory Practice Necessary to Influence Neural Structure (Mastery)
(Dehaene, 2009): 20,000 hours of listening as basis for reading
(Gladwell, 2008): 10,000 hour rule key to success
(Hart & Risley, 1995): 30 million word gap study
(Pittman, 2008): Children with HL require 3X the exposure to learn each new word and concepts due to reduced acoustic bandwidth caused by HL

5. 30 Million Word Gap Study (Hart & Risely 1995)

6. NPR: Sean Forbes: Deaf but not Quiet

7. 32 million Americans have hearing loss
32 million Americans have hearing loss. Can you identify each of the celebrities?

8. You Are Not Alone!
One in ten Americans has a hearing loss

9. OSHA
5-10 million Americans are at risk for NIHL exposure to sounds above 85 dBA in the workplace
48 million Americans engage in shooting sports, the most common cause of non-occupational NIHL

10. Question How many babies are born annually in the U.S.? A. 3 million
B. 4 million
C. 5 million
D. 6 million
E. Heaven knows?

11. Quick Facts 4 ________ babies born in U.S. annually
3-5/_____ babies born with hearing loss
1 in 1,000 U. S. newborns (or 33 babies every day) are born profoundly deaf
2-3 out of 1,000 babies born with partial hearing loss, making hearing loss the number one birth defect in America.
_____ million Americans have hearing loss
_____ most chronic condition for the elderly

12. Hearing Identification in (U.S.)
About 95% of newborns screened for HL
91% of referred infants returned for follow-up evaluation.
39% fit with HA by 6 mo.
61% fit late or lost to follow-up.
Unilateral hearing loss and late diagnosis were statistically significant (p < .0001) predictors for late fitting and loss to follow-up. 
(Spivak 2009)

13. Auditory Development
#1 Factor: Age at fitting of amplification (for children with congenital hearing loss) in predicting every outcome in auditory development
(Sininger, Grimes &Christensen 2010)

14. Hearing Loss

15. White Paper on Societal Cost of Hearing Loss
AAA

16. Links to Prevalence of HL
The Prevalence and Incidence of Hearing Loss in Children
The Prevalence and Incidence of Hearing Loss in Adults

17. The estimate of the prevalence of hearing impairment by age group

18. What is Audiology?
Audiology is the study of _____, hearing disorders, and habilitation/rehabilitation for individuals who have _______ loss. It encompasses the study of how the _____ mechanism works; the assessment of hearing; hearing and listening disorders; and the rehabilitation of individuals who have hearing loss.
ASHA

19. What is an Audiologist?
__________ are professionals engaged in autonomous practice to promote healthy hearing, communication competency, and quality of life for persons of all ages through the prevention, _________, assessment, and rehabilitation of hearing, auditory function, balance, and other related systems. (ASHA)
An __________ is a professional who diagnoses, treats, and manages individuals with hearing loss or balance problems. (AAA)

20. Historical Development
Parents
_______
Speech language pathology/educators of the deaf
Relatives
Pediatrics
Geriatrics
Neurology

21. What is an Audiologist Clinician Therapist Teacher Researcher
Consultant
Administrator

22. Audiology Services Private Practice Hospital Medical Practice Schools
________/College
Other
Video

23. Question Where most audiologist are employed?
Non-residential health care
College/University
Hospital
Schools
Industry
Other

24. Place of Employment -2012

25. Scope of Practice
ASHA
AAA

26. Philosophical Issues Jerger Kileny
Assessment and treatment of ________
Kileny
Various roles/functions performed

27. Education
Minimum Requirements
____
Ph.D.
Continuing Education

28. Licensure/Registration/Certification
Current status (ASHA)
Licensure
Registration
Certification
ASHA
_________ of Clinical Competence (CCC-A)
AAA
American Board of _________ (ABA)

29. Team

30. Let’s Play Audiologist

31. Age of Client Newborns Preschoolers Grade school Middle school
High school
Post secondary
Young adults
Middle age
Old age

32. Age of Onset

33. Age of Onset and Gender

34. Age of Onset and Income

35. Hearing Loss and Impact on Household Income
Normal Hearing
Better Hearing Institute, (2005). Hearing loss and its impact on household income. The Hearing Review; 12:16-24

36. Treated Vs. Untreated HL Impact on Household Income
Better Hearing Institute, (2005). Hearing loss and its impact on household income. The Hearing Review; 12:16-24

37. Etiologies

38. Etiologies by Onset

39. Etiologies in Students

40. Common Syndromes Associated with Hearing Loss
Name of syndrome
Other features that may occur (besides hearing loss)
Alport
Kidney problems
Branchio-oto-renal (BOR)
Neck cysts and/or ear tags and kidney problems
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen
Heart problems
Pendred
Thyroid enlargement or low thyroid function
Stickler
Unusual facial features, cleft palate, eye problems (nearsightedness, cataracts, or retinal detachment,) arthritis, heart problems
Usher
Progressive blindness
Waardenburg
White patch of hair or light-colored skin patches; eyes of two different colors, or bright blue eyes, or widely spaced eyes

41. Quiz How many babies are born in the US each year? A. More than enoughD E

42. Hearing loss is the ______ most prevalent chronic condition in the elderly
A. Second
B. Third
C. Fourth
D. Fifth
E. Not a chronic condition

43. Evolution of Audiology
From primarily an academic discipline into a health-care profession
From a communication disorder profession into a hearing profession
From a teacher-training model of education into a health-care model of education
From a certification model to a licensure model of defining the privilege and right to practice
(Stach, Clinical Audiology, pp )

44. Which professional organization(s) represent audiologists?
A. ASD
B. ADD
C. AAA
D. ASHA
E. C and D

45. Professional Organizations
AAA (American Academy of Audiology)
AAS (American Auditory Society)
AG Bell Association
ARA (Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology)
ASHA (American Speech Language Hearing Association)
EAA (Education Audiology Association)
ISA (International Society of Audiology)

46. The current minimum degree for audiologists entering college?
A. MA
B. Au.D.
C. Ph.D.
D. MS
E. B or C

47. How You Can Practice the Circle of Courage
Belonging
Be courteous in communication
Be quiet/don’t sign while others are talking
Use appropriate communication strategies
Be inclusive
________
Teach others how to use effective communication strategies so they can be independent rather than dependent
Generosity
Use “clear speech” when speaking
Volunteer in hearing screening programs
Mastery
Teach others about clear speech
Teach others about prevention of hearing loss
Apply principles learned in class to communication
Interpret audiograms and other hearing diagnostic tests

48. Circle of Courage
Belonging
Independence
__________
Mastery