1. By Tyler Severson

2.  Content Standard: 9-12.US.2.1  Supporting Skills: Students are able to describe the causes and effects of interactions between the U.S. government and Native American cultures.

3.  Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851  Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868  Minnesota Uprising  Sand Creek Massacre  Battle of Little Bighorn

4.  Signed September 17, 1851.  Signed by U.S. treaty commissioners & representatives of Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapaho, Navajo, Crow, Shoshone, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara.  Set forth traditional territory claims made by tribes themselves.  Also guaranteed safe passage for settlers on Oregon Trail.  Native Americans allowed roads and forts to be built on their lands.  Native Americans were promised they would receive an annuity of $50,000.00 for fifty years. Treaty ratified to ten years instead of fifty.  Treaty broken during Pike’s Peak Gold Rush.

5.  Signed at Fort Laramie in Wyoming.  Treaty between U.S. and Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brule bands of people from Lakota, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation.  Treaty guaranteed to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills.  Also guaranteed hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.  When gold was found in the Black Hills, prospectors rushed the to Black Hills.  The Native Americans lost the Black Hills.  In 1980, the Sioux Nation won a court case, and received millions of dollars.

6.  Took place in 1862 in Minnesota.  Native Americans on reservations wanted to be free, and tensions between Natives and the white man were rising.  Late 1862, food and other supplies were slow to arrive.  Native Americans went hungry; traders would not give them credit.  Some Native Americans rose up. Settlements were attacked, and white men were killed or took hostage.  The U.S. army came, and within six weeks, there was over six hundred soldiers dead. The total figure of Native American deaths is unsure.

7.  Took place November 29, 1864 at Sand Creek, located in Colorado.  A seven hundred man force of Colorado Territory militia attacked and killed a village of Arapaho and Cheyenne.  It is estimated that between 70-163 Native Americans were killed. About 2/3 were women and children.

8.  Took place June 25-26, 1876  Took place near Little Big Horn River, in Montana.  7 th Calvary Regiment vs. combined forces of Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho people.  Native Americans lead by Crazy Horse, and 7 th Calvary by General George Custer.  Custer killed in the battle.