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Chapter 20 Notes: Part I Acids and Bases
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What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric acid) Car battery (sulfuric acid)
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What are some common bases? Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide) Many cleaning products (ammonia, etc)
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What properties do acids have? Acids tend to be: Tart or sour tasting Electrolytes (in solution) They can cause chemical dyes (called indicators) to change colors
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What properties do bases have? Bases tend to be: Bitter tasting Slippery feeling when touched Able to neutralize an acid Also electrolytes (in solution)
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What is an acid? An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water. The formula would be H a X, where X is any monatomic or polyatomic anion and a is the anion’s charge.
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Naming an Acid When the name of the anion (X) ends in –ide, the name begins with hydro-, then the stem of the anion, then the name ends with –ic acid instead of -ide. ex) HCl is hydrochloric acid
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When the name of the ion ends in –ite, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ous acid instead of –ite. H 2 SO 3 is sulfurous acid Naming an Acid
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When the name of the ion ends in –ate, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ic acid instead of-ate. H 2 SO 4 is sulfuric acid Naming an Acid
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Negative ion:Acid Name: _____ idehydro___ic acid _____ ite_____ous acid _____ ate_____ic acid
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What is a base? A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH - ) ions when in solution. Bases are named the same way that an ionic compound would be named. NaOH is sodium Hydroxide
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 H 3 PO 4 HF HNO 3 KOH Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 HF HNO 3 KOH Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HF HNO 3 KOH Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HFhydrofluoric acid HNO 3 KOH Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HFhydrofluoric acid HNO 3 nitric acid KOH Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HFhydrofluoric acid HNO 3 nitric acid KOHpotassium hydroxide Ba(OH) 2 H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HFhydrofluoric acid HNO 3 nitric acid KOHpotassium hydroxide Ba(OH) 2 barium hydroxide H 3 PO 3
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Name the following acids and bases: HClO 3 chloric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphoric acid HFhydrofluoric acid HNO 3 nitric acid KOHpotassium hydroxide Ba(OH) 2 barium hydroxide H 3 PO 3 phosphorous acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid calcium hydroxide nitrous acid ammonium hydroxide nitric acid hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide nitrous acid ammonium hydroxide nitric acid hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid ammonium hydroxide nitric acid hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid HNO 2 ammonium hydroxide nitric acid hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid HNO 2 ammonium hydroxide NH 4 OH nitric acid hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid HNO 2 ammonium hydroxide NH 4 OH nitric acid HNO 3 hydrobromic acid phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid HNO 2 ammonium hydroxide NH 4 OH nitric acid HNO 3 hydrobromic acid HBr phosphoric acid
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Write the formula for the following: hydroiodic acid HI calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 nitrous acid HNO 2 ammonium hydroxide NH 4 OH nitric acid HNO 3 hydrobromic acid HBr phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4
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