1. Paper Review: AmI Technology Helps To Sustain Speed While Merging A Data Driven Simulation Study on Madrid Motorway Ring M30

2. Objectives & Results To determine whether or not vehicle speed can be sustained while merging onto a motorway, leading to more harmonious integration of merging cars Simulations showed that with Ambient Intelligence technology: 1.Increase in road throughput – 14% increase 2.Reduced variance in traffic flow

3. Outline I.Motivation II.Object of Study: The Madrid Motorway III.Achievement of Traffic Merging IV.CA-Based Simulation V.Conclusions

4. Outline: Motivation Merges on crowded motorways are a major influence on traffic fluidity and on road safety I.Safety rules are disregarded II.Related work: no general solution for merging III.Research Hypothesis I.To reduce merging delays Ambient Intelligence (AmI) technology was applied as an assistance system to help drivers make decisions

5. Outline: Motivation Cellular Automata (CA) based simulation model, operating data driven and continually evaluating lane change possibilities - Discrete model used in computability theory, mathematics, etc.

6. Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway M30 Motorway Built in 1970 32.5km (20.2 miles) 300,000 vehicles/day 500,000 passengers/day

7. Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway Intelligent Transport System (ITS) controls the open air and buried tunneled roads 2km -segment used for real traffic flow analysis Peak: 7,290 veh/hr 87,800 veh/workday Traffic shapes repeat each day Lower & upper main road: 3 lanes

8. Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway

10. Outline: Achievement of Traffic Merging Real traffic flow analysis: 1.During high traffic situations, driver is highly focused on safely steering car from ramp onto main road 2.General optimization problem: Drivers often keep rightmost lane instead of changing the lane early Range of visibility: 100’s of meters (normal conditions), shortened in dense traffic/bad weather AmI Solution: 1.Vibro-tactile notification integrated into seat 2.Extending range of perception: 1.Inform driver of upcoming merging section 2.Overrule driver’s decision to keep on driving on current lane

11. Outline: CA-Based Simulation Data Driven Simulation 14% increase in throughput Control Experiment Up to 9% increase in throughput from lower to higher perception coupled with decreasing inter-car lane changing distance

12. Details For observed throughput of 5,270 vehicles/hour with average spacing of 50.94m, simulated throughput was 6,000veh/h with inter-car spacing of 52.20m Throughput vs inter-car gaps. Range of perception of driver has almost no effect on throughput for high density traffic

13. Details Generated one of hour constant traffic for upper and lower at a rate of 3000 veh/h and 6000veh/h. Up to a 9% increase in throughput Throughput vs inter-car gaps for artificial traffic at a rate of 6,000veh/h

14. Details

15. Iner-Car Spacing=10m Iner-Car Spacing=25m Iner-Car Spacing=50m Through put at logging point (L16) for perception range 100m over a 10-hour time period