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By Marsha Barrow
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A gerund is: a verbal (a verb form used as another part of speech).
a verb form ending in -ing used as a noun. It can be in the position of subject, direct object, object of the preposition, or predicate noun.
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Examples: Subject - Reading is my favorite activity.
Direct Object - I enjoy reading. Object of the Preposition - Rainy days are good days for reading. Predicate Noun - My favorite subject is reading.
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The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something.
A direct object follows an action verb, and answers the questions who or what. The direct object receives the action from the subject. It must follow an action verb, not a verb “to be” (am, is, are, was, were, be, become, became).
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Prepositions are words which begin prepositional phrases such as for, on, in, by, about, to, etc. The object of the preposition is the noun that follows a preposition. A predicate noun follows a form of the verb “to be.” A predicate noun renames the subject of a sentence.
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Remember this: Do these steps:
A word ending in -ing can be either a verb, a participle or a gerund. To determine which one it is, you must determine how it is used in the sentence. Do these steps: Find the simple subject and simple predicate (verb). If the -ing form of the verb is not part of the simple predicate (verb), then determine how it is used in the sentence. Is it in a noun position? Then it is a gerund. If it is used as an adjective, then it will be a participle.
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Examples: Bill and Tony are running. are running is the verb in this sentence. Bill and Tony enjoy running. running is a gerund, a direct object of the action verb, enjoy. The running water overflowed. running is a present participle (adjective) modifying the noun, water.
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