1. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) ERS-1: A European success 1991-2000: From an engineering success to the development of sophisticated applications ERS-1: A European success 1991-2000: From an engineering success to the development of sophisticated applications

2. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 1991: The evidence of an engineering achievement Successful commissioning phase All instruments are working nominally, sometimes exceeding the specifications Successful commissioning phase All instruments are working nominally, sometimes exceeding the specifications First SAR images: excellent quality First low bit rate data: all nominal First ATSR images: Kuwait on fire

3. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) Frascati - Castelli Romani (ERS SAR multitemporal) Scatterometer - Wind speed (July 1992) 1992: The start of a scientific success q Watching the seas q Watching the land q Watching the ice First ERS Symposium: Cannes – Big interest (180 papers, 450 participants) – Confirmation of the quality of the data provided by the instruments First ERS Symposium: Cannes – Big interest (180 papers, 450 participants) – Confirmation of the quality of the data provided by the instruments

4. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) ERS-1 + SPOT 1993: The beginning for an increasing number of applications 1993: The beginning for an increasing number of applications A major EO milestone: ERS-1 & SAR Interferometry ERS-1 differential interferometry reaches the cm precision («Bonn experiment») Demonstration with Landers earthquake A major EO milestone: ERS-1 & SAR Interferometry ERS-1 differential interferometry reaches the cm precision («Bonn experiment») Demonstration with Landers earthquake Second ERS Symposium: Hamburg 315 papers, 600 participants Second ERS Symposium: Hamburg 315 papers, 600 participants Flooding: Mississipi river during Summer 1993 Oil slick: La Coruna (E) (December 92 - January 93) Oil slick: La Coruna (E) (December 92 - January 93)

5. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) From D.T. Sandwell & W.H.F. Smith 1994: Monitoring the Earth First Pilot Projects Workshop: Toledo paved the way for applications First Pilot Projects Workshop: Toledo paved the way for applications The geodetic mission An unprecedented view of the Earth seafloor The geodetic mission An unprecedented view of the Earth seafloor

6. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 1995: The breakthrough of the tandem mission Bachu (China) DEM with 10 m vertical precision are achievable ERS tandem mission (July 1995 - July 1996) ERS tandem mission (July 1995 - July 1996) Second Pilot Projects Workshop: London progressing applications results Second Pilot Projects Workshop: London progressing applications results

7. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) Iceland: Vatnajokull eruption 1996: Exploiting the potential of the tandem mission The tandem coherence provides an additional information level for land use studies. A strong complementarity with optical data is recognised. The tandem coherence provides an additional information level for land use studies. A strong complementarity with optical data is recognised. ERS tandem SPOT Fringe Workshop: Zurich the first workshop dedicated to interferometry Fringe Workshop: Zurich the first workshop dedicated to interferometry

8. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 1997: Contributing to the observation of El Nino Temperature anomaly derived from ERS-2 and ERS-1 ATSR data Third ERS Symposium: Florence 420 papers, 700 participants Third ERS Symposium: Florence 420 papers, 700 participants October 1997 SAR tandem data used to monitor forest fires in Indonesia SAR tandem data used to monitor forest fires in Indonesia

9. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 1998: ERS-1 still effective Mitch hurricane: ERS-1 together with ERS-2 and Spot satellites provides map of the damages Mitch hurricane: ERS-1 together with ERS-2 and Spot satellites provides map of the damages Okmok volcano (Alaska): ERS-1 observes the volcano inflation during the eruption. ERS-1 data regularly used to monitor volcanoes around the world. Okmok volcano (Alaska): ERS-1 observes the volcano inflation during the eruption. ERS-1 data regularly used to monitor volcanoes around the world. USGS

10. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 1999: Exploiting 8 years of ERS-1 archived data Estimated Velocity Field [mm/yr] Pomona (California) Second Fringe Workshop: Liege Confirmation of the high value of the ERS-1 SAR data archive Second Fringe Workshop: Liege Confirmation of the high value of the ERS-1 SAR data archive New sophisticated technique: permanent point scatterers allows to monitor sub- millimetric mouvement of buildings used for building collapse in Rome and Foggia (Italy) New sophisticated technique: permanent point scatterers allows to monitor sub- millimetric mouvement of buildings used for building collapse in Rome and Foggia (Italy)

11. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 2000: The last ERS-1 contribution: assessing the French storm trees damages 2000: The last ERS-1 contribution: assessing the French storm trees damages IGN map (Haguenau forest) SPOT XS image (from archives) ERS tandem coherence before the storm ERS tandem coherence after the storm Damages estimate (coherence gradient in pink tones) The combination of SAR tandem data provides a quick estimate of the amount of tree damages, after the Christmas French storms. Based on Spot Image coherence products SERTIT

12. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) 27 July 1991 7 March 2000 45200 orbits 1.4 million SAR scenes From the first to the last ERS-1 SAR image some 3500 scientists using the data some 3500 scientists using the data

13. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) Alps q Acquired on 7 March 2000, at 10:00 UTC (orbit number 45200) q Images generated with ERS- 1 and ERS-2 data, using the technique of interferometry, made popular by ERS-1. q Both images highlight the outstanding data quality of the ERS-1 satellite until its last moments of operation. Tyrrhenian Sea Italy - Tuscan hills (7-8 March 2000) Generated with the ERS Interferometric Quick Look Last acquired ERS-1 SAR data

14. Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 May 2000 ERS-1 (1991-2000) ERS-1: a European success