1. The Earth’s Layers
Unit 1: Part 1

2. Bell Work- Tuesday Aug 26
Using the notecards on your table, write an affirmation to Mr. Cassinelli and Mrs. G
Remind me about Good things and Lunch count

3. Bell Work- Tuesday Aug 26
According to the Big Bang theory, how were the planets formed?
Remind me about Good Things

4. The Surface of the Earth
The surface of the earth is in constant motion
What are some ways that the earth’s surface can change over time?
Does the interior of the earth change over time? How do you know?

5. Studying the Earth’s Interior
Geologists cannot look inside the Earth
They have only managed to drill 12 kilometers into the Earth
Seismic Waves
They send waves into the earth to help map out what the interior looks like
The speed of the waves and paths they take reveal the earth’s interior

6. Seismic Wave Activity This will be turned in at the end of class!
Step 1: Create waves in the bucket (be sure not to spill or splash!)
Step 2: Observe wave patterns
Write down observations in full sentences (at least 3)
What pattern do the waves make?
Are the waves going in the same direction?
Draw a picture of the waves
Step 3: Place a glass in the center of the bucket and repeat steps 1 and 2
How did the addition of the glass change the waves?
How could this activity be tied to using seismic waves to study the earth’s interior?
Draw a picture of the waves

7. Bell Work- Wed Aug 26
Using the notecards on your table, write an affirmation to the person sitting next to you (at your table of 4)
Remind me about Good things and Lunch count

8. Bell Work- Wed Aug 27
How do scientists study the interior of the earth? (2-4 sentences)

9. Temperature Temperature: Increases towards center of the earth
Results from heat left over from the formation of the planet
Radioactive substances inside earth release energy

10. Pressure Pressure: Increases towards center of the earth
Pressure caused by forces pressing on an area
The weight of rock above causes an increase in pressure as you go deeper

11. The Layers of the Earth

12. The Crust The outermost layer (the skin of the earth
5-70 km thick, about 600 Celsius
2 types of crust
Oceanic Crust
Made from dense basalt
Continental Crust
Made from less dense granite

13. The Mantle Made of hot solid rock that moves fluidly- like silly putty
3,000 km thick
3 layers

14. The 3 Layers of the Mantle
The Lithosphere- Uppermost layer of the mantle
Rigid Stone, 100km thick, About 1200 celsius
The Asthenosphere- Middle layer of the mantle
Less rigid, solid rock, about 1300 celsius
The lower mantle- the lower layer
Solid Rock, about 1700 celsius

15. The Mantle

16. The core Outer Core: Liquid Iron and Nickel
About 5200 celsius
Inner Core: Solid Iron and Nickel
About 5500 celsius
800 miles thick

17. Earth’s Layer Folder Folder must contain 3 sheets
Sheet 1: Inner and Outer Core
Sheet 2: Mantle (all 3 parts)
Sheet 3: Crust
Each sheet should explain the following
Thickness of the layer
State of matter of the layer
Any known facts of the layer
Due Tuesday Sept 3

18. Bell Work- Thursday Aug 28
Using the notecards on your table, write an affirmation to Mr. Yanaitis and Dr. Pantou
Remind me about Good things and Lunch count

19. Bell Work- Thurs Aug 28
Can solid rock flow? How? (1-2 sentences)

20. Types of Heat Transfer Radiation: transfer of energy through space
Example: Sunlight warms the earth (no direct contact)
Conduction: heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching
Example: spoon in a pot of soup heats up
Convection: heat transfer movement of currents within a fluid

21. Current Convection
Heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluids density, and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion
Continue as long as heat is added

22. Current Convection in the mantle
Heat from the core and the mantle itself causes convection currents in the mantle
Heat transfers from core to rock of mantle; this rock rises toward top of mantle and cools. As the rock cools, it sinks closer to the core, creating currents.

23. Convection activity
Carefully pour some hot water into the aluminum pan.
Fill the plastic cup half full with cold water and place in the center of the pan.
Allow water to stand for two minutes until all motion stops
Fill a plastic dropper with some food coloring. Hold the dropper just under the waters surface and slightly away from the edge of the cup, gently squeeze a small droplet of the food coloring into the water.
Observe for one minute.
Write 3 observations in full sentences and draw a picture
Add another droplet at the waters surface in the middle of the cup and observe again

24. Bell Work- Friday Aug 29
In your notes, write down 3 long term and 3 short term goals for this year
Remind me about Good things and Lunch count

25. Bell Work- fri aug 29 Draw and label the layers of the earth
Include all layers of the mantle, crust, and core

26. Journey to the Center of the Earth
Include these facts in your story
Thickness of the layers
What are the layers made of
Temperature
Pressure
Crust- continental and oceanic
Mantle- lithosphere, asthenosphere, lower mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core

27. Homework Journey to the Center of the Earth story due Tuesday
You will have 20 minutes in class to finish up