1. Latest developments in Hamamatsu Large Format PMTs
VLVnT09 in October, 2009
Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Electron Tube Division
Yuji Hotta

2. Contents 1. Profile of Hamamatsu
2. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT
- High QE
- New photocathode
for low temperature operation

3. Profile of Hamamatsu

4. Where we are located Population : 824K (as of September, 2009)
ROLAND
KAWAI
Population : 824K
(as of September, 2009)
Hamamatsu is a name of a city.
HONDA, YAMAHA and SUZUKI
(famous motor cycle companies) are located in the same area.

5. Global Network of Hamamatsu
GREECE
Europe
JAPAN
USA
(Subsidiaries)
(Subsidiaries)
Japanese Standard MAP

6. Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Solid Sate Division
Electron Tube Division
Systems Division
Established : Sept 29, 1953
Employees : 2,580
(As of Sept. 08)
Net Sales : \99B ($950M)
(FY2008)
Central Research Lab
Laser Group

7. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT
- High QE
New photocathode
for low temperature operation

8. Large Format PMTs too large! too small! too expensive! 20 inch 13 inch
Experiment Name
Type Number
PMT Size
Quantity
NESTOR
R8055
13 inch
160
ANTARES R
10 inch
900
NEMO
R7081SEL 90
AMANDA R
8 inch
800
ICECUBE R
5,300
ICECUBE/Deep Core
R MOD
400
Double-CHOOZ
R7081MOD-ASSY
Daya Bay
R5912ASSY
2,250
RENO
R7081ASSY
890
KamLAND
R7250
20 inch
1,200
IMB
R4558
2,000
SNO
R1408
8,700
Kamiokande R
1,000
Super-Kamiokande R
11,200
20 inch
Application :
Neutrino Experiment
too large!
13 inch
10 inch
8 inch
too small!
too expensive!

9. Development of 12 inch PMT
Items
12-inch PMT
R inch PMT
R inch PMT
Diameter
305 mm
253 mm
202 mm
Effective Area
275 mm min.
220 mm min.
190 mm min.
Tube Length
330 mm
245 mm
220 mm
Dynodes
LF/10-stage
Applied Voltage
2000 V
1500 V
GAIN
1.0E+07
T.T.S. (FWHM)
2.7 ns
2.9 ns
2.4 ns
P/V Ratio
2.5
Dark Counts
10,000 cps
7,000 cps
4,000 cps

10. Development of 12 inch PMT

11. Development of 12 inch PMT
Glass Sphere
12 inch PMT
Some space
for divider

12. Development of 12 inch PMT
NEW!
10 inch PMT
12 inch PMT

13. Development of 12 inch PMT

14. Development of 12 inch PMT

15. Development of 12 inch PMT

16. Development of 12 inch PMT

17. Development of 12 inch PMT

18. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT
- High QE
New photocathode
for low temperature operation

19. High QE Bialkali Photocathode

20. Definition of SBA/UBA R7600/R8900 1 inch Square Metal Package R9880
New TO-8 type
Metal Package

21. R7081 (10” PMT) with High QE

22. R7081 (10” PMT) with High QE
Average : 34%
Sample : 404 pcs

23. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT
- High QE
New photocathode
for low temperature operation

24. Development of Photocathode for Low Temperature
1/40
Purpose of development
Dark matter experiment
Liquid Xe : -110 deg. C / 175 nm emission
Liquid Ar : -186 deg. C / 128 nm emission to be converted to 420 nm photons by WLS
Photocathode with Al pattern
Photocathode with Pt underlay
QE becomes low due to decrease of transmittance

25. Example QE data for R5912 (8 inch) Pt underlay
Low QE

26. QE data of New Photocathode

27. Cathode Linearity of New Photocathode

28. R5912 (8 inch) with new photocathode

29. Summary
Hamamatsu has been developing 12 inch PMT. Some sample PMTs will be available next year.
Hamamatsu continues to improve QE.
Hamamatsu has found new photocathode for low temperature operation. We are trying to apply the new photocathode for large format PMTs.

30. END

31. Back Up

32. Metal Package PMTs Metal Channel Dynodes Micro processing technology
<Cross-section>
R7600
Array of Linear
Focused Dynode
Features
Compact, Fast Time Response
Position Sensitive
Immunity to magnetic field
1 mm
1 mm

33. R7600 & R8900 Various Anode Types
Difference of R7600 & R8900
R7600
(R5900)
R8900
4 channels
M4 (2x2)
16 channels
M16 (4x4) Y
Focusing
MCD X
Proximity
64 channels
M64 (8x8)
Cross-Plate
C12 (6+6)
Multi-anode
Fiber Coupling
Imaging
RICH
(R7600-M64 only)
(R8900-C12 only)

34. Latest Data of R7600-200 (UBA) 41%~45% <<Specification>>
Example data with 10 tubes
41%~45%
<<Specification>>
Typical : 43 %
Minimum : 38 %
at peak Wavelength

35. Conventional PMTs with SBAR
(2 inch) R
(1-1/8 inch) R
(3 inch)
R (5”) is now available!
Applications:
Radiation detection
Gamma Camera
Radiation Probe
For Better
Energy Resolution

36. Energy Resolution vs. QE

37. HPD Compared with PMT <HPD> <PMT> Total gain: ~1x105
AD (Avalanche Diode)
EB GAIN : 1000~2000
AD GAIN : 30~100
DYNODE GAIN : 3~10
GAIN = 4x4x4x…x4x4x4
Total gain: ~1x105
Total gain: ~1x106

38. Pulse Height Distribution
<HPD>
<PMT>
K-APD = 12KV
1pe
1pe
2pe
2pe
3pe
4pe
5pe
Prime Feature : Good Pulse Height Distribution

39. Large Format HPD AD Target : 5mm f TTS(FWHM) : 440 ps
F330mm
13 inches
AD Target : 5mm f
TTS(FWHM) : 440 ps
Development will be
finished by spring 2012
<Collaboration>
The Univ. of Tokyo and JST (JAPAN SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY)

40. EB Gain and Avalanche Gain
Total : 2.3e+05
13 inch HPD