1. Beginning of Medieval Europe (9, 12d, 12a)
Chapter 13
Beginning of Medieval Europe (9, 12d, 12a)

2. Roman empire – destroyed by invasions of Germanic peoples
Disruption of Trade
Downfall of Cities
Population Shifts
Decline of Learning
Loss of common language

3. Foundations of Early Medieval society
Classical heritage of Rome
Christian beliefs = Unified Europe
Customs of Germanic tribes

4. Influence of the Roman Catholic Church
Roman authority declined, while church authority grew
Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman Cultural achievements
Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin alphabet to Germanic tribes
Pope anointed Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor – 800AD
Parish Priests served religious and social needs of the people

5. Feudal society (political organization)
Europe in Chaos! We need PROTECTION!
Fief – piece of land given from lord to his vassal, called a manor
Vassals – people who serve their lord
Serfs – a.k.a. peasants, people who work on fiefs
Feudal obligations
Vassal – pay taxes to lord, military service
Lord – protect his vassal
Money goes up; Protection goes down.

6. Manorial system (economy)
Rigid Class structure
Self-sufficient manors

7. Age of Charlemagne
Franks, Gallic tribe, emerge as a force in Western Europe
Pope crowned the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire = Power of the Church established in political life
Roman Cultural was revived

8. After Charlemagne Son, Louis, was not a strong king
Louis had three sons
Lothair
Charles the Bald
Louis the German
They fought each other
Eventually divided Charlemagne's kingdom into three halves at the Treaty of Verdun

9. Video Europe after the Fall of Rome

10. Section 2 – Feudalism in Europe
New Invasions Trouble Europe
Vikings
Causes
Overpopulation
Lack of land at home
Desire for free stuff
Used Long Boats to raid around Europe
Terrorized villages along coast
Also explored
Leif Ericson even reached North America around 1000 A.D.
Magyars and Muslims
Contributed to chaos
Grabbed people to sell as slaves
Video – Vikings Warriors

12. Section 3 – The age of Chivalry
Horseback – Two inventions
Saddle
Stirrups
Knights
Served their lords in return for fiefs of land
Time spent in training for battle

13. Chivalry Knightly code of conduct Respect for Ladies Reverence to God
Loyalty to sworn lord
Glory in battle and tournaments

14. Chivalry cont.
Knights must maintain character standards or be punished
Knights competed in tournaments to show off their skillz
Warfare was terrible p.329

15. Knightly Literature Epic Poetry in Medieval times
Idealize chivalry and Knighthood
Praised heroic deeds and adventures
King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table
Charlemagne's battles
Song of Rolan p. 330
Troubadours
Sang epic songs with a lute (simple guitar)
Themes of Love and Loyalty
To lord
To lady