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Visual 1.1 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit 1: Course Overview Introduction to ICS
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Visual 1.2 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 ICS-100 Course Objective Demonstrate basic knowledge of the Incident Command System (ICS).
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Visual 1.3 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Student Introductions Name, job title, and organization Overall experience with emergency or incident response ICS qualifications and most recent ICS experience
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Visual 1.4 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Expectations What do you expect to gain from this course?
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Visual 1.5 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Instructor Expectations Cooperate with the group. Be open minded to new ideas. Participate actively in all of the training activities and exercises. Return to class at the stated time. Use what you learn in the course to perform effectively within an ICS organization.
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Visual 1.6 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Course Structure Unit 2: ICS Overview Unit 6: ICS Facilities Unit 3: Basic Features of ICS Unit 5: General Staff Functions Unit 4: Incident Commander & Command Staff Functions Unit 7: Common Responsibilities Unit 1: Course Overview Unit 8: Course Summary
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Visual 1.7 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Course Logistics Course agenda Sign-in sheet Housekeeping: Breaks Message and telephone location Cell phone policy Facilities Other concerns
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Visual 1.8 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Successful Course Completion Participate in unit activities/exercises. Achieve 75% or higher on the final exam. Complete the end-of- course evaluation.
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Visual 1.9 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit 2: ICS Overview
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Visual 1.10 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit Objectives Identify three purposes of the Incident Command System (ICS). Identify requirements to use ICS.
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Visual 1.11 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 What Is an Incident? An incident is...... an occurrence or event, natural or manmade, that requires a response to protect life or property.
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Visual 1.12 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 What Is ICS? The Incident Command System: Is a standardized, on-scene, all-hazard incident management concept. Allows its users to adopt an integrated organizational structure to match the complexities and demands of single or multiple incidents without being hindered by jurisdictional boundaries.
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Visual 1.13 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 ICS Purposes Using management best practices, ICS helps to ensure: The safety of responders and others. The achievement of tactical objectives. The efficient use of resources.
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Visual 1.14 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 History of ICS Weaknesses in incident management were due to: Lack of accountability. Poor communication. Lack of a planning process. Overloaded Incident Commanders. No method to integrate interagency requirements. The identification of these areas of management weakness resulted in the development of ICS.
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Visual 1.15 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (1 of 2) Instructions: Decide if the statement is TRUE or FALSE. ICS could be used to manage a training conference, charity fundraising event, or emergency response and recovery.
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Visual 1.16 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (2 of 2) Instructions: Decide if the statement is TRUE or FALSE. The study of previous incident responses found that failures likely resulted from a lack of resources.
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Visual 1.17 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Homeland Security Presidential Directives (HSPDs) Management of Domestic Incidents HSPD-5 HSPD-8 National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Preparedness Mandates
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Visual 1.18 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 NIMS What ?... NIMS provides a consistent nationwide template... Who?... to enable Federal, State, tribal, and local governments, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations to work together... How?... to prepare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity... Why?... in order to reduce the loss of life and property, and harm to the environment.
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Visual 1.19 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 NIMS Components & ICS Command and Management Preparedness Resource Management Communications and Information Management Ongoing Management and Maintenance Incident Command System Multiagency Coordination Systems Public Information
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Visual 1.20 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 ICS Benefits ICS: Meets the needs of incidents of any kind or size. Allows personnel from a variety of agencies to meld rapidly into a common management structure. Provides logistical and administrative support to operational staff. Is cost effective by avoiding duplication of efforts.
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Visual 1.21 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Activity: Management Challenges (1 of 2) Instructions: Working as a team, review the scenario presented on the next visual. Identify the top three challenges for managing this incident. Write these challenges on chart paper. Using what you have learned so far, describe how ICS could be used to address these challenges. Select a spokesperson. Be prepared to present in 5 minutes.
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Visual 1.22 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Activity: Management Challenges (2 of 2) Scenario: An unexpected flash flood has struck a small community. As a result: Homes, schools, and the business district have been evacuated. Critical infrastructure has been damaged including contamination of the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads. Perimeter control and security in the business district are needed. Mutual aid and assistance is arriving from several surrounding communities.
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Visual 1.23 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Summary (1 of 2) Instructions: Answer the questions below. What are three purposes of ICS? What are the requirements to use ICS?
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Visual 1.24 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Summary (2 of 2) ICS: Is a standardized management tool for meeting the demands of small or large emergency or nonemergency situations. Represents "best practices," and has become the standard for emergency management across the country. May be used for planned events, natural disasters, and acts of terrorism. Is a key feature of NIMS.
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Visual 1.25 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit 3: Basic Features of ICS
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Unit Objective Describe the basic features of the Incident Command System (ICS).
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Visual 1.27 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Standardization: Common Terminology Using common terminology helps to define: Organizational functions. Incident facilities. Resource descriptions. Position titles.
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Use of Plain English Communications should be in plain English or clear text. Do not use radio codes, agency-specific codes, or jargon. Even if you use radio codes on a daily basis, why should you use plain English during an incident response?
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Why Plain English? EMT = Emergency Medical Treatment EMT = Emergency Medical Technician EMT = Emergency Management Team EMT = Eastern Mediterranean Time (GMT+0200) EMT = Effective Methods Team EMT = Effects Management Tool EMT = El Monte, CA (airport code) EMT = Electron Microscope Tomography EMT = Email Money Transfer
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Which is the example of common terminology? Common Terminology: Example A. This is Unit 1, we have a 10-37, Code 2. B. Unit 1, the flood waters are rising and we need additional resources for sandbagging.
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ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Command: Definition Command: The act of directing, ordering, or controlling by virtue of explicit statutory, regulatory, or delegated authority. At an incident scene, the Incident Commander has the authority to assume command!
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Chain of Command Chain of command is an orderly line of authority within the ranks of the incident management organization. Authority
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Transfer of Command (1 of 2) Moves the responsibility for incident command from one Incident Commander to another. Must include a transfer of command briefing (which may be oral, written, or both).
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Transfer of Command (2 of 2) Transfer of command occurs when: A more qualified person assumes command. The incident situation changes over time, resulting in a legal requirement to change command. There is normal turnover of personnel on extended incidents. The incident response is concluded and responsibility is transferred to the home agency.
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Unity of Command Under unity of command, personnel: Report to only one supervisor. Receive work assignments only from their supervisors. Don’t confuse unity of command with Unified Command!
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Unified Command Unified Command: Enables all responsible agencies to manage an incident together by establishing a common set of incident objectives and strategies. Allows Incident Commanders to make joint decisions by establishing a single command structure. Maintains unity of command. Each employee only reports to one supervisor. Fire AgencyLaw AgencyEMS Agency Resources Operations Section Chief Unified Command
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Example: Unified Command A football team is returning home from a State tournament. Their bus is involved in an accident on the bridge that marks the county line. Most of the bus is in Franklin County. A small part of the bus is in Revere County (their home county). Why might a Unified Command be used to manage this incident?
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Knowledge Review (1 of 4) Instructions: Fill in the blank. _________ allows all responsible agencies to manage an incident together by establishing a common set of incident objectives and strategies.
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Knowledge Review (2 of 4) Instructions: Answer the question below. Who has complete responsibility for incident management?
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Knowledge Review (3 of 4) Instructions: Fill in the blank. ______ is an orderly line of authority within the ranks of the organization, with lower levels subordinate to, and connected to, higher levels.
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Knowledge Review (4 of 4) Instructions: Answer the question below. A more qualified responder arrives on the scene and will assume command. What should happen?
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ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Management by Objectives ICS is managed by objectives. Objectives are communicated throughout the entire ICS organization through the incident planning process.
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Management by Objectives: Steps The steps for establishing incident objectives include: Step 1: Understand agency policy and direction. Step 2: Assess incident situation. Step 3: Establish incident objectives. Step 4: Select appropriate strategy or strategies to achieve objectives. Step 5: Perform tactical direction. Step 6: Provide necessary followup.
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Overall Priorities Incident objectives are established based on the following priorities: #1: Life Safety #2: Incident Stabilization #3: Property Preservation
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Activity: Objectives (1 of 2) Instructions: Working as a team, review the scenario presented on the next visual. Based on the information provided, identify the top three incident management objectives. Write these objectives on chart paper. Select a spokesperson. Be prepared to present in 5 minutes.
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Activity: Objectives (2 of 2) Scenario: An unexpected flash flood has struck a small community. As a result: Homes, schools, and the business district have been evacuated. Critical infrastructure has been damaged including contamination of the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads. Perimeter control and security in the business district are needed. Mutual aid and assistance is arriving from several surrounding communities.
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Reliance on an Incident Action Plan Every incident must have an Incident Action Plan (IAP) that: Specifies the incident objectives. States the activities to be completed. Covers a specified timeframe, called an operational period. May be oral or written—except for hazardous materials incidents, which require a written IAP.
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Elements of an Incident Action Plan Every IAP must have four elements: What do we want to do? Who is responsible for doing it? How do we communicate with each other? What is the procedure if someone is injured?
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Activity: Incident Action Plan Instructions: Working as a team, identify four items you would include in the IAP, based on the incident objectives identified earlier. Write these items on chart paper. Select a spokesperson. Be prepared to present in 5 minutes.
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Modular Organization (1 of 2) Modular organization: Develops in a top-down, modular fashion. Is based on the size and complexity of the incident. Is based on the hazard environment created by the incident.
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Modular Organization (2 of 2) With modular organization: Incident objectives determine the organizational size. Only functions/positions that are necessary will be filled. Each element must have a person in charge.
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ICS Organization In the ICS organization: There is no correlation with the administrative structure of any other agency or jurisdiction. This organization’s uniqueness helps to avoid confusion over different position titles and organizational structures. Someone who serves as a chief every day may not hold that title when deployed under an ICS structure.
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Manageable Span of Control Span of control: Pertains to the number of individuals or resources that one supervisor can manage effectively during an incident. Is key to effective and efficient incident management. Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 1 Supervisor
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Span of Control Considerations Span of control considerations are influenced by the: Type of incident. Nature of the task. Hazards and safety factors. Distances between personnel and resources.
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ICS Management: Span of Control ICS span of control for any supervisor: Is between 3 and 7 subordinates. Optimally does not exceed 5 subordinates.
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Discussion Question What types of situations or factors would warrant a span of control of 1:3 or 1:4?
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Knowledge Review Instructions: Determine if the span of control is consistent with ICS guidelines. Situation: Flash flooding has occurred throughout the municipality. Response actions have begun, with 8 resources reporting to the Operations Section Chief. Ops Section Chief Resource
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Remember... Modular Organization! Use the ICS feature of modular organization to maintain the optimal span of control! Ops Section Chief Utilities Group Resource Debris Removal Group Resource
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ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Comprehensive Resource Management Resource management includes processes for: Categorizing resources. Ordering resources. Dispatching resources. Tracking resources. Recovering resources. It also includes processes for reimbursement for resources, as appropriate.
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Resources: Tactical & Support ICS resources include: Tactical Resources: Personnel and major items of equipment used in the operation Support Resources: All other resources required to support the incident (e.g., food, communications equipment, or supplies) Operations Section Chief
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Tactical Resources Classifications Out of Service: Not available or ready to be assigned (e.g., maintenance issues, rest periods). Available: Ready for immediate assignment and has been issued all required equipment. Assigned: Currently working on an assignment under the direction of a supervisor.
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Incident Locations & Facilities Established by the Incident Commander based on the requirements and complexity of the incident. Incident Command Post Staging Area Base Camp
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Knowledge Review Instructions: Review the photos below. What do they have in common? Engineering Specialist
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ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/ Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Before an incident, it is critical to develop an integrated voice and data communications system (equipment, systems, and protocols). Integrated Communications Incident communications are facilitated through: The development and use of a common communications plan. The interoperability of communication equipment, procedures, and systems.
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Interoperability Saves Lives Jan. 13, 1982: Air Florida Flight 90 crashed into the 14th St. Bridge in Washington, DC, during a snowstorm. More than 70 people lost their lives. Police, fire, and EMS crews responded quickly to the scene but discovered that they couldn't coordinate their efforts because they couldn't talk to each other by radio. Sept. 11, 2001: When American Airlines Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon, 900 users from 50 different agencies were able to communicate with one another. Response agencies had learned an invaluable lesson from the Air Florida tragedy. Interoperability makes sense. It's a cost-saver, a resource saver, and a lifesaver.
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Integrated Communications Elements Modes: The "hardware" systems that transfer information. Planning: Planning for the use of all available communications resources. Networks: The procedures and processes for transferring information internally and externally.
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Information & Intelligence Management Information and intelligence are critical to incident response. What are some examples of information and intelligence used to manage an incident?
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ICS Features: Overview Standardization Common terminology Command Establishment and transfer of command Chain of command and unity of command Unified command Planning/Organizational Structure Management by objectives Incident Action Plan (IAP) Modular organization Manageable span of control Facilities and Resources Comprehensive resource management Incident locations and facilities Communications/Information Management Integrated communications Information and intelligence management Professionalism Accountability Dispatch/Deployment
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Accountability (1 of 2) The following principles must be adhered to: Check-In. All responders must report in to receive an assignment in accordance with the procedures established by the Incident Commander. Incident Action Plan. Response operations must be coordinated as outlined in the IAP. Unity of Command. Each individual will be assigned to only one supervisor.
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Accountability (2 of 2) Span of Control. Supervisors must be able to adequately supervise and control their subordinates, as well as communicate with and manage all resources under their supervision. Resource Tracking. Supervisors must record and report resource status changes as they occur.
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Dispatch/Deployment At any incident: The situation must be assessed and the response planned. Managing resources safely and effectively is the most important consideration. Personnel and equipment should respond only when requested or when dispatched by an appropriate authority.
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Discussion Question What’s the issue with having personnel arrive at an incident without being requested or dispatched?
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Knowledge Review (1 of 2) Instructions: Decide if the statement is TRUE or FALSE. Accountability means that individuals must abide by their agency policies and guidelines and any applicable local, tribal, State, or Federal rules and regulations.
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Knowledge Review (2 of 2) Instructions: Decide if the statement is TRUE or FALSE. In a major incident, willing and able personnel and equipment should respond even without being requested.
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Summary (1 of 2) ICS: Utilizes management features including the use of common terminology and a modular organizational structure. Utilizes the principles of chain of command, unity of command, Unified Command, and transfer of command. Emphasizes effective planning through the use of management by objectives and Incident Action Plans.
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Summary (2 of 2) ICS: Supports responders by providing data they need through effective information and intelligence management. Helps ensure that resources are ready through accountability and dispatch/deployment processes. Ensures full utilization of incident resources by maintaining a manageable span of control, implementing resource management practices, and ensuring integrated communications.
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Visual 1.82 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit 4: Incident Commander and Command Staff Functions
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Visual 1.83 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Unit Objectives Describe the role and function of the Incident Commander. Describe the role and function of the Command Staff.
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Visual 1.84 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Incident Commander (1 of 2) Upon arriving at an incident, the higher ranking person will either assume command, maintain command as is, or transfer command to a third party. In some situations or agencies, a lower ranking but more qualified person may be designated as the Incident Commander.
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Visual 1.85 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Incident Commander (2 of 2) The Incident Commander performs all major ICS command and staff responsibilities unless the ICS functions are delegated and assigned. Safety Officer Safety Officer Liaison Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer Public Information Officer Command Staff Incident Commander Incident Commander Operations Section Chief Operations Section Chief Planning Section Chief Planning Section Chief Logistics Section Chief Logistics Section Chief Finance/Admin Section Chief Finance/Admin Section Chief General Staff (Unit 5)
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Visual 1.86 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Incident Commander Role The Incident Commander: Provides overall leadership for incident response. Delegates authority to others. Takes general direction from agency administrator/official. Incident Commander
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Visual 1.87 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Incident Commander Responsibilities The Incident Commander is specifically responsible for: Ensuring incident safety. Providing information services to internal and external stakeholders. Establishing and maintaining liaison with other agencies participating in the incident.
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Visual 1.88 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Incident Commander Responsibilities The Incident Commander: Is responsible for all activities and functions until delegated and assigned to staff. Assesses need for staff. Establishes incident objectives. Directs staff to develop the Incident Action Plan. Incident Commander
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Visual 1.89 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Deputy Incident Commander A Deputy Incident Commander may be designated to: Perform specific tasks as requested by the Incident Commander. Perform the incident command function in a relief capacity. Represent an assisting agency that shares jurisdiction.
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Visual 1.90 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Discussion Question Can you think of a situation where a Deputy Incident Commander might be assigned?
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Visual 1.91 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Changing Incident Commanders Command may change to meet the needs of the incident when incidents: Expand or contract. Change in jurisdiction or discipline. Become more or less complex.
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Visual 1.92 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Transferring Incident Commanders Transfer of command requires: A transfer of command briefing for the incoming Incident Commander. Notification to all personnel that a change in command is taking place.
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Visual 1.93 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (1 of 3) Who has overall responsibility at an incident?
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Visual 1.94 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (2 of 3) If the Operations Section has not been activated, who directs the tactical operations?
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Visual 1.95 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (3 of 3) The Deputy Incident Commander is assuming control for the next incident period. What needs to occur before he or she can do so?
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Visual 1.96 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Command Staff It may be necessary for the Incident Commander to designate a Command Staff who: Provide information, liaison, and safety services for the entire organization. Report directly to the Incident Commander. Incident Commander Incident Commander Safety Officer Safety Officer Liaison Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer Public Information Officer
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Visual 1.97 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Public Information Officer (PIO) Advises Incident Commander on information dissemination and media relations. Incident Commander approves information that the PIO releases. Obtains information from and provides information to Planning Section. Planning Section Chief Public Information Officer Obtains information from and provides information to community and media. Community and Media Incident Commander
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Visual 1.98 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Safety Officer Advises Incident Commander on issues regarding incident safety. Incident Commander Works with Operations to ensure safety of field personnel. Operations Section Chief Ensures safety of all incident personnel. Incident Resources Safety Officer
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Visual 1.99 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Liaison Officer Assists Incident Commander by serving as point of contact for agency representatives who are helping to support the operation. Liaison Officer Provides briefings to and answers questions from supporting agencies. Agency Representative Incident Commander
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Visual 1.100 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (1 of 3) Instructions: Identity which member of the Command Staff performs the following tasks. Tasks: Advises Incident Commander on issues related to information dissemination and media relations. Serves as primary contact for anyone who wants information about the incident. Serves external and internal audiences. Obtains information from Planning Section.
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Visual 1.101 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (2 of 3) Instructions: Identity which member of the Command Staff performs the following tasks. Tasks: Makes sure everyone does their job safely. Advises Incident Commander on issues regarding incident safety. Conducts risk analyses and implements safety measures. Promotes safe driving habits. Eliminates tripping hazards.
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Visual 1.102 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Knowledge Review (3 of 3) Instructions: Identity which member of the Command Staff performs the following tasks. Tasks: Serves as point of contact for assisting and cooperating agency representatives. Identifies problems between supporting agencies. Participates in planning meetings by providing the status on current resources, resource limitations, and resource capabilities of other agencies.
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Visual 1.103 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Activity: Command Staff Roles (1 of 2) Instructions: 1.Working as a team, review the scenario presented on the next visual. 2.Identify which Command Staff positions would be assigned. 3.Next, if you were the Incident Commander, what specific activities would you delegate to each Command Staff member? 4.Select a spokesperson. Be prepared to present in 10 minutes.
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Visual 1.104 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Activity: Command Staff Roles (2 of 2) Scenario: An unexpected flash flood has struck a small community. As a result: Homes, schools, and the business district are being evacuated. Critical infrastructure has been damaged including contamination of the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads. Perimeter control and security in the business district are needed. Mutual aid is arriving from several surrounding communities. Media representatives are arriving at the scene.
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Visual 1.105 Course Overview: Introduction to ICS Version 2.0 Summary Are you able to describe the roles and functions of the: Incident Commander? Public Information Officer? Safety Officer? Liaison Officer?
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