1. Congressional Gridlock Congressional Gridlock Executive Action Executive Action

2. CLOSING THE POWER PLANT CARBON POLLUTION LOOPHOLE CLOSING THE POWER PLANT CARBON POLLUTION LOOPHOLE: SMART WAYS THE CLEAN AIR ACT CAN CLEAN UP AMERICA’S BIGGEST CLIMATE POLLUTERS

3. Clean Air Act of 1970 Authorizes EPA to reduce air pollutionAuthorizes EPA to reduce air pollution So far, 70 pollutants have been regulatedSo far, 70 pollutants have been regulated Now, carbon pollutionNow, carbon pollution Cleared by Supreme CourtCleared by Supreme Court

4. Section 111 of the Clean Air Act 111(b) = new power plants111(b) = new power plants 111(d) = existing power plants111(d) = existing power plants

5. The Action Timeline 1/20/13:President Obama takes office1/20/13:President Obama takes office 11/2013:Proposed rules for new plants11/2013:Proposed rules for new plants 6/2014:Proposed rules for existing plants6/2014:Proposed rules for existing plants 6/2015:Final rules for new and existing plants6/2015:Final rules for new and existing plants 6/2016:State Implementation Plans (SIPs)6/2016:State Implementation Plans (SIPs)

6. Standards & Plans EPA Releases StandardsEPA Releases Standards –CO 2 Emission Targets –Compliance Guidelines States submit Implementation PlansStates submit Implementation Plans –How they will meet the targets

7. State Implementation Plan Flexible 50 States, 50 Plans

8. SIPs Have Two Goals Keep Delivering the Power We Need Reduce Emissions These are Compatible

9. Energy Yoga Part 1 Inflexible approach – Emission reductions only “Inside the Fence Line” Improved efficiency of fuel burning Cleaner fuels Capture or Sequester Carbon – No renewables

10. Energy Yoga Part 2 Flexible approach AKA “System-based” – Reductions both Inside & Outside the Fence Line Anything inside the fence line, PLUS Conservation, efficiency & renewables – States can cooperate – More methods for reductions = more reductions – Most cost-effective way

11. Good Cop / Bad Cop, Part 1 How much Power Do We Need to Deliver? – Bad Cop: “Keep wasting power = more $ for ME!” – Good Cop: “Conserve, be efficient = more $ for the rest of us!”

12. Good Cop / Bad Cop, Part 2 Reduce Emissions – Bad Cop: “Keep burning fossil fuels” Switch to gas Spend $$ on “Clean Coal” technology Bad because CO 2 emissions persist – Good Cop: “Go to clean energy, conservation, etc” Substitute renewables for fossil fuels Get to zero emissions sooner

13. Flexible Compliance Options

14. Good Plan Close the Dirtiest Plants Close the Dirtiest Plants Switch to Cleaner Fuels on Remaining Plants Switch to Cleaner Fuels on Remaining Plants Aggressive Conservation and Efficiency Aggressive Conservation and Efficiency Bring Renewables Online ASAP Bring Renewables Online ASAP

15. Benefits to Action 210,000 jobs, nationwide210,000 jobs, nationwide Reduce future social costs (health, food, sea level rise, environmental devastation…)Reduce future social costs (health, food, sea level rise, environmental devastation…)

16. Local Impacts How this will affect our city, our state