1. American Life in the 17th Century: 1607-1692 AP US Unit 2 Chapter 4 September 20, 2010

2. Points to Consider What was 17th century life like in the Chesapeake? What was 17th century life like in New England? What problems occurred for the colonists during the 17th century? Why? What were the similarities and differences between the Northern and Southern colonies in the 1600’s?

3. I. Life in the Chesapeake Short life expectancy Mostly men High death rate No extended family

4. Ib. Tobacco and its Effects Drop in prices from large supply caused farmers to buy more land to sell more… Indentured Servants –Freedom Dues –Headright System –Life of an indentured servant

5. 1c. Problems in the Chesapeake Poor single men On the frontier - issues with the Native Americans Bacon’s Rebellion –Frontiersmen vs. “haughty” landowners –Former servants vs. those with land and money –Made landowners concerned about indentured servants = slavery Indentured Servitude Certificate

6. II. Colonial Slavery Most slaves arrived in North America after 1700 Changes led to increase in slavery –Bacon’s Rebellion –Rising wages in England stemmed the flow of potential servants –Loss of royal monopoly for slave transport decreased prices slightly

7. IIc. Slaves in Colonial America West Coast of Africa Middle Passage Originally mostly men –Property –Separated from any family –Regional differences - worse in the Deep South –Developed their own culture Some revolts still –1712 - NYC –1739 - Stono River SC

8. III. Southern Society and Life Rich planters vs. Poor Whites –Small farmers were the largest social group - precarious existence Urban vs. Rural –Few cities –Life centered around the plantation –Poor roads = river transportation –Less culture and education than New England

9. IV. New England Society and Life Greater life span Families moved to NE instead of individuals Early marriage and longer life expectancy = larger birthrate Family environment Women had less rights because of longer life expectancy for the men Small towns were the main focus

10. IVd.Religious Changes Still problems - wealthy, town running elite vs. poorer farmers on the border Religious zeal on the decline Jeremiads scolded their parishioners Created the Half-Way Covenant to alllow those who had not been converted into the church Women became a larger part of the church

11. Salem Witch Trials Read The Crucible 1692 - 20 people put to death on accusations of witchcraft by adolescent girls in Salem, MA Stopped in 1693 when the governor’s wife was accused Poor (accusers) vs. Wealthy (accused)

12. IVe. Farming Issues Rocks –They suck –They show up every winter –They’re everywhere –They keep coming back –How do you get rid of them without a front- end loader???

13. Farming Issues cont. Less cultural diversity Less agricultural diversity Small farms Pigs hurt the environment Most people lived in the harbor towns (rocks scared them away from working in agriculture) Champions of Manifest Destiny (get away from the rocks)

14. IVf. New England’s Effect on America Yankee Ingenuity Simple town design Democracy Puritan Ethic - religion as the center of society Hardwork

15. V. Early Settlers in General Were farmers Women did the housework, men farmed Children helped and were rarely educated Land was cheap (except in South) Middle class people Basic equality in middle and NE colonies

16. Vg. Issues for the Early Settlers Leisler’s Rebellion: 1689-1691 –Landholders vs. Merchants in NYC Rich tried to keep the poor in their place –Didn’t really work because no one cared while trying to build a new country –What would this mean for America?