1. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 1 Chapter 13 Defining Cognitive Radio

2. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 2 Outline Historical perspective on the development of cognitive radio concept Comparison of different views on cognitive radio Definitions of concepts related to cognitive radio Detailed overview of standardization activities on cognitive radio with an emphasis on IEEE SCC41

3. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 3 Popularity of cognitive radio Can you find out what are these numbers now?

4. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) History Maritime communication developed in early 1920s. FCC allowed (1960) shared channels in land mobile communication with LBT. CB: FCC allowed (1970s) shared channels at 27MHz band. FCC Rule Part 15 (1985 approved), described the ways of coexistence of low power wireless devices in Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

5. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 5 Depicting the history of cognitive radio

6. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Future ? Intelligent systems. Higher computational capability. More flexibility. Harvesting more and more radio spectrum (reusing them temporally and spatially). Digital dividend. More standards to come.

7. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Definitions(1) Mitola: wireless personal digital assistants and the related networks were sufficiently computationally intelligent about radio resources, … to detect user needs as a function of use context, and to provide radio resources and wireless services most appropriate to those needs" How a SDR can become a CR with this definition?

8. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Definitions(2) Haykin: inclusive of SDR, [idea] to promote efficient use of spectrum by exploiting the existence of spectrum holes OR intelligent wireless communication system (...) that adapt(s) to statistical variations in the input stimuli … which are highly reliable communication (...); efficient utilization of radio spectrum." An efficient (re)use of spectrum is in itself CR ?

9. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Comparison of various terms related to CR Aspects Mitola Haykin SDR Forum FCC Inf. Theory User's needs x Context x Intelligence Control xxx Radio/Spectrum xxxxx Spectrum Efficiency xxxx Primary Users xxxx SDR xx Cooperation x Reliability x Is this table complete? Are there more terms?

10. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 10 Cognitive radio: IEEE SCC41

11. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 11 Classification of definitions

12. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Adaptable Radio devices and their characteristics Type of Radio Platform Reconfiguration Intelligence Hardware HW Minimal None Software HW/SW Automatic Minimal Adaptive HW/SW Automatic/Predefined Minimal/None Reconfigurable HW/SW Manual/Predefined Minimal/None Policy-based HW/SW Manual (database)/ Minimal/None Automatic Cognitive HW/SW Full Artificial/ Machine Learning Intelligent HW/SW Full Machine Learning/ Predicting Decision

13. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Relationship between various standards

14. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) Open issues Regulatory Test Procedures Protocols Interoperability Coexistence and cooperation Medium Access Control Security

15. Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks: Principles and Practice By A. M. Wyglinski, M. Nekovee, Y. T. Hou (Elsevier, December 2009) 15 Chapter 13 Summary Cognitive radio is a notion with multiple, very often contradictory definitions Many independent standardization bodies are working on cognitive radio (IEEE, ITU, ETSI, …)