2. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russia Science, Education and Civic Networking Initiatives Presentation to US Embassy Staff, February 28, 2002 Greg Cole, Associate Director National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Principal Investigator, NSF Cooperative Agreement US-Russian High Performance Nauka-Net (formerly FASTnet) Network Natasha Bulashova, President US-Russia Friends & Partners Foundation Introduction

3. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Presentation Overview Nauka-Net - (formerly FASTnet) - high performance infrastructure linking our science and education communities (NSF, Russian MinIST, RAS) CIV-Net - 4 year program strengthening local community governance through local infrastructure development (Ford Foundation) Friends & Partners - broad community networking initiative (parent of all our other initiatives) Nauka-Grid, CIV-Grid - US-Russian grid deployment efforts related to high performance and civic networking initiatives The Future Introduction

4. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Presentation Motivation Educate/inform about important programs/capabilities Introduce their risks and rewards Discuss future developments and possibilities Solicit help in expanding knowledge and appropriate use of new communications capabilities Initiate discussion on minimizing risks, maximize rewards of improved communications infrastructure in context of US-Russia collaborative programs Introduction

5. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Brief History US base of activities at University of Tennessee until March, 2001 (moved to NCSA of UIUC) Russian base of activities at Pushchino Biological Center (IBPhM) until 1998 (moved to own non-profit foundation in Moscow) Introduction

6. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future “Friends & Partners”: hobby gone “haywire” Started from a single email in 1993; launched in January 1994 Hobby effort to help introduce people in US and Russia using then-new Internet technologies An early example of Internet- based community building No politics, religion (and not a dating service!) Focus on science and education collaboration Introduction

7. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future An early dream … Introduction …. problems …

8. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future A story of infrastructure development... Introduction Early days: entire South Moscow region behind a single 19.2K modem First grant (from NATO) addressed this - and over 2 year period, increased speed to 256K Sun Microsystems donated workstation equipment to both teams US DOS grant enabled us to hire staff, provided some operations funds, helped legitimize efforts within our home institutions

9. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Anatomy of a 50M file transfer... Compress file Uuencode it Split into 1000 uniform sized pieces Compress the 1000 files FTP the 1000 files Uncompress the 1000 files Join into 1 file Uudecode it Uncompress it Introduction Took all weekend With new Nauka- Net, theoretically possible in 3 seconds (in practice, 2-3 minutes)

10. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Addressing the US-Russian Link for S&E Introduction

11. Nauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net (formerly FASTnet) Nauka-Net Animation  S&E Traffic flowing across link between Moscow and Chicago on January 18, 2002 (24 hours)  1 minute summary per transition  Shows extensive reach of high performance S&E network in US (Universities, NASA, DOE, NIH, NOAA, USGS, others)  Shows growing reach of S&E network in Russia  Shows different types of traffic  Illustrates use of our monitoring/analysis system

12. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future The fastest route from Moscow to Paris (is via Chicago) Nauka-Net STARTAP in Chicago  All US domestic “next generation” S&E Internet networks “meet” (and exchange traffic) at the NSF-funded STARTAP in Chicago  Most of the world’s international “next generation” S&E Internet networks meet at STARTAP and exchange traffic with US domestic networks and other international S&E networks

13. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Science Technology And Research Transit Access Point www.startap.net Japan Korea Taiwan Singapore Australia China France Iceland Sweden Denmark Norway Finland Netherlands Israel Russia CERN Canada US Networks: vBNS, vBNS+, Abilene, ESnet, DREN, NREN/NISN Chile, Brazil (FAPESP) Who is Connected to STAR TAP? Nauka-Net

14. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Starlight... (something much better than STAR TAP coming …) Nauka-Net

15. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Defined Nauka-Net Funding / History Partners Users Applications

16. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future MIRnet (predecessor to Nauka-Net) NSF Cooperative Agreement (ANI- 9730330) to the University of Tennessee with matching funds from Russian Ministry of Science and Technology to Russian partners A 6 Mbps IP/ATM service (provided by Teleglobe) between STAR TAP in Chicago and the M9 switch in Moscow for purpose of linking high performance science and education networks in US and Russia A program to encourage applications of high performance networking for US-Russian scientific collaboration Network running reliably since July, 1999 Nauka-Net … problems …

17. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future FASTnet / Nauka-Net MIRnet has changed to Nauka-Net 155 Mbps MPLS service Chicago - Frankfurt 155 Mbps service Frankfurt - Moscow Routing nearly all S&E networks in Russia New partners: Kurchatov Institute, Joint Supercomputing Center, Russian Academy of Science, Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology New US home: National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Nauka-Net

18. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net / CVETnet Contracts for new network signed October 1, 2001 45 Mbps began operating December 7, 2001 Move to Starlight and upgrade to 155 Mbps: March 12, 2002 (under budget, 1.5 years ahead of schedule) CVETnet may represent next evolutionary advance (to lightwave switching) Nauka-Net

19. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Network Topology NAP in Chicago is represented with router and ATM switch connected to STAR TAP NAP in Moscow is represented with router and ATM switch connected to Internet Exchange in M9 which is managed by Russian Institute of Public Networks. NAP in Chicago is represented with router and ATM switch connected to STAR TAP NAP in Moscow is represented with router and ATM switch connected to Internet Exchange in M9 which is managed by Russian Institute of Public Networks. Nauka-Net

20. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Budget NSF Funding –$800K annually ($4.0 million total) –$600K for transport (Chicago - Frankfurt) –$135K operations ($65K overhead) –$150K cost sharing Russian Funding –Russian Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology –Russian Academy of Science –Funds transport (Frankfurt - Moscow) –2-1 match of US funding Nauka-Net

21. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Development F & P Jan’94 KORRnet Jun’94 NATO Sep’95 CIVnet Jan’97 NSF RFP Jun’97 Proposal Aug’97 Revised Proposal Mar’98 Cooperative Agreement Jul’98 Teleglobe Sep’98 Announce Sep’98 Moscow/ MASS Nov’98 MADAS 1.0 Sum’99 IP Up Jun’99 IP Down Jul ‘99 Launch Sep ‘99 Meeting Nov ‘99 Renegotiate Fall/Winter ‘97 Demo Feb 22 ‘00 Demo Jun ‘00 Demo Aug 8 ‘00 MADAS 2 Sep ‘00 Newsletter Sep ‘00 Teleglobe Sep ‘00 Review Oct ‘00 Nauka-Net

22. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Defined Nauka-Net Funding / History Partners Users Applications

23. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Partners Original partners on proposal to NSF included Kurchatov Institute (Russian Institute for Public Networks), Russian Academy of Science, Russian MinSci Proposal was likely funded based on strength/relevance of these partners (NSF had worked with them on US-Russian Internet development since 1993) New partners appeared …(network politics fierce everywhere) All effort (for 2+ years) focused on returning control to those who could route all S&E networks in Russia Project managed on “the edge of failure” Nauka-Net

24. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Partners / History November, 1999 - Efforts begin to correct problem February, 2000 - first of many video-conference events/demonstrations with Acad. E. Velikhov, Kurchatov Institute March, 2001 - PI moves from UT to NCSA Access (in Arlington, VA) April, 2001 - Acad. E. Velikhov signs as first international partner of the NCSA July, 2001 - Agreement signed with Acad. Velikhov, Acad. Osipov (President of RAS), Acad. Savin (Director of JSC), Russian MinIST, NSF, NCSA establishing FASTnet July, 2001 - Agreement signed with Teleglobe August, 2001 - NSF grant moves from UT to NCSA October 30, 2001 - letter written from NCSA to MSU re: changes November 2, 2001 - MIRnet ceases operation November, 2001 - new “Access Center” begins operating in Moscow December 7, 2001 - new FASTnet network begins operation December 14, 2001 - official launch ceremony; Washington, Moscow Nauka-Net

25. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Kurchatov Institute Evgeny P. Velikhov Academician President, RRC Kurchatov Institute Nauka-Net New Access Center

26. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Kurchatov Institute Alexey Soldatov, Director Research and Development RRC “Kurchatov Institute” President, RELCOM Developing Nauka-Grid Program Nauka-Net

27. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian Institute for Public Networking Russian Backbone Network (RBnet) Alexei Platonov, Exec. Director, RIPN Nauka-Net

28. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Joint Supercomputing Center Russian Academy of Science Gennady P. Savin Academician Director, JSC Nauka-Net

29. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Friends & Partners Foundation Originating member of Russian MIRnet team Worked with US staff for 8+ years on many US-Russian networking, information system and community development projects Natasha Bulashova, President, F&P Nauka-Net

30. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Defined Nauka-Net Funding / History Partners Users Applications

31. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future. Nonproliferation and Arms Control Projects: US-Russia Since February, 2000, MIRnet has been used by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to support its various collaborations with the Kurchatov Institute and other Russian research laboratories. In June, 2000, peering arrangements were put in place enabling all DOE laboratories in the US to use MIRnet. The primary applications discussed and observed related to US-RF programs are in nonproliferation and arms control. Several video- conferencing demonstrations have been held - including with senior US government leaders - to demonstrate the utility of high performance networks in supporting existing US-RF collaborative efforts. All of these demonstrations have been coordinated with Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Kurchatov Institute. Oak Ridge - Kurchatov Institute traffic from February, 2000. Nauka-Net

32. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Weapons Disposal: Reactor Physics / Thermal hydraulics Analyses for Plutonium Disposition The US and RF are engaged in a cooperative program to dispose of weapons usable plutonium in pressurized water reactors in both countries. While plutonium fuels have been routinely used in western pressurized water reactors (PWRs) in France and Germany, such fuels have not been used in Russian reactors (VVERs). For the past four years, ORNL has been responsible for transferring technology for mixed oxide (MOX) fuel to Russia and Kurchatov Institute has been responsible for educating ORNL staff as to the design and operation of VVERs. MIRnet has supported this cooperative program through video-conferencing, ftp, use of the Centra Symposium web-based teaching package, whiteboard, and applications sharing. Academician Ponimarev-Stepnoi (seated, on screen from Moscow) of the Kurchatov Institute addresses the June 13, 2000 video-conference involving participants from Moscow, Washington, Argonne National Lab in Chicago and Oak Ridge. Included was Howard Baker, former US Senate Majority leader, heading up a Blue Ribbon Panel observing US-Russian programs. Nauka-Net

33. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russia Materials Protection, Control & Accountability program The objective of the lab-to-lab MPC&A Program is to enhance, through U.S.-Russian technical cooperation, the effectiveness of nuclear materials protection, control, and accounting in Russian nuclear facilities. The enhancements are implemented by Russian institutes. The U.S. laboratories provide funding for the Russian institutes through laboratory-to-laboratory contracts. The two partnering institutions, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow, have used MIRnet since February, 2000 to support a variety of applications - including video- conferencing (demonstrations, seminars, contract negotiation), large database (200+ Mbytes) transfer, radio propagation analysis, and application sharing. US participants interact with Dr. Evgenii Velikhov, President of the Moscow Kurchatov Institute, and other Russian academicians during the February 22 video- conference between Moscow, Washington, Knoxville and Oak Ridge. In addition to the video-conferencing, a demonstration was conducted of application sharing for joint control of a radio propagation analysis Nauka-Net

34. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future NASA-Russian Space Science Internet (RSSI) Collaboration FTP dominates as the primary application between hosts on NASA’s high performance NREN network and the Russian Space Science Internet. With daily flows occasionally reaching 500 megabytes or more, MIRnet supports a wide variety of NASA-RSSI programs and activities. Traffic from NASA hosts to RSSI hosts is shown above. The primary application is ftp which often exceeds 256 Megabytes transferred daily. Nauka-Net

35. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future NASA Utilization since January 1, 2002 Nauka-Net

36. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future NASA Utilization since January 1, 2002 Nauka-Net

37. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Traffic flow to Russia from US Nauka-Net

38. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Traffic flow to Russia since January 1, 2002 Nauka-Net

39. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Sample Academic Partnerships Utilizing High Performance Services Experimental High Energy Physics High energy physicists in the Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics at Moscow State University use MIRnet for collaborating with US partners at the Fermi National Accelerator and the Stanford Linear Accelerator. Data is shared and analyzed from experiments performed in the particle accelerators for the purpose of obtaining insight into macroworld structures. Investigation of Magnetospheric Perturbances Moscow State University and the Space Physics Research Laboratory at the University of Michigan are using MIRnet in support of a joint project involving a heavy computational component and the creation/maintenance of a shared cosmophysical information database addressing experimental and theoretical research in the area of magnetospheric and space physics. Research of on-line collaboration methods in distance learning technology development Based on the collaboration of Ural State University, Perm State University, and North Caroline State University in the framework of their 1997-2000 project “Collaboration in the field of distance learning in the area of business management” supported by the US State Dept., the project is exploring methods of remote collaboration via video- and audio- data exchange (mBONE and H.32x). US-Russia Collaboration in Plasma Astrophysics Project is multi-disciplinary, involving specialists in numerical magnetohydrodynamics, plasma physics, and astrophysics. Russian scientists work at Cornell during one-month visits, and the US scientists visit Russia on a regular basis. Collaboration on developing 2D computer codes between Keldysh Institute and Cornell. Nauka-Net

40. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Internet Physics Olympiad In April '00 high school students in Novosibirsk and St.-Petersburg (Russia) combined with students in Seattle and San Diego (America) to participate in an internet-based science competition. Each of eight teams were composed of four American and four Russian students. Each pair of team halves were linked with their own private chat and whiteboard connection so they could consult in solving the problems. They were presented with questions and then submitted answers through an internet-based platform which was controlled at a central site; the system delivered each team's answers to separately located panels of judges. Novosibirsk State University and Cornell University propose to use MIRnet to enhance opportunities and expand participation. Seattle, Washington San Diego, California Saint Petersburg, Russia Novosibirsk, Siberia Sixty Four Students And a Significant Number of Physicists and Technologists Nauka-Net

41. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future U.S. Users (October, 2000) Traffic to U.S. –93% educational –7%.gov/.mil Traffic from U.S. –92% educational –8%.gov/.mil US Government agency use of MIRnet (megabytes transferred since July, 2000) Nauka-Net

42. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian Users via MIRnet Moscow State Univ. In: 30.4% Out: 24.8% Chernagolovka In: 24.5% Out: 6.1% 1 2 MEPHI In: 8.0% Out: 2.3% 3 Novgorod State Univ. In: 0.4% Out: 0.2% Yaroslavl’ Reg. Net. In: 0.7% Out: 0.6% Ural State University In: 2.7% Out: 3.8% RAS Ural Reg. Acad. Net. In: 1.4% Out: 0.6% Chelyabinsk FREEnet In: 3.0% Out: 0.6% 8 21 17 11 7 Nauka-Net

43. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future MIRnet routed institutions in Moscow Nauka-Net

44. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net utilization today Nauka-Net

45. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future International Traffic Flow to Russia #1 U.S. 63% (508 G) #7 Canada 3% (22 G) #6 U.K. 3% (24G) #5 Netherlands 3% (27G) #3 France 4% (33G) #12 China 0.4% (3G) #13 Japan 0.3% (2.8G) #2 Sweden 12% (99G) #4 Finland 4% (31G) Primary Country Providers of Traffic to Russia from July 1 - October 15, 2000 Nauka-Net

46. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic to Russia by Country 2000 - 2002 Nauka-Net

47. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic from Russia by Country 2000 - 2002 Nauka-Net

48. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic from Top Russian Institutions Nauka-Net

49. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic from Russia to US Nauka-Net

50. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic from US to Russia Nauka-Net

51. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Traffic by Top Users Today Nauka-Net

52. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Web-Site Nauka-Net

53. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Nauka-Net Administrative Data Analysis System (NADAS) Tracks all MIRnet usage SQL database fed every 10 minutes from Cisco Netflow data All non-proprietary software tools Analysis by countries, domains, hosts, protocols, time periods, traffic volume Generates standard graphics and allows user-based queries http://www.mirnet.org/madas/reports/ Nauka-Net

54. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian Use by Institution (% total) Nauka-Net

55. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future U.S. Top 10 Institutions (% total) Nauka-Net

56. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian Use by Protocol (% total) Nauka-Net

57. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Outreach Activities Presentations Demonstrations F&P Outreach Information Dissemination Nauka-Net

58. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Presentations Internet '98 Society Conference, Geneva, 1998 Monterey Institute of International Studies, Monterey, 1998 Department of Energy, Oak Ridge and Knoxville, 1998 Indiana University/TransPAC, Bloomington, 1998 NSF and Russian Embassy, Washington DC, 1998 Teleglobe, Washington DC, 1998 MIRnet team meeting, Moscow, 1998 Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, 1998 Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, Moscow 1998 RIPN, Moscow, 1998 Teleglobe, Moscow, 1998 Institute Pushchino Biological Research Center, Pushchino, 1998 RAS Siberian branch, and Novosibirsk State University, Moscow, 1998 Kharkov State Technical University, Moscow, 1998 Blokhin Oncology Scientific Center, Moscow, 1998 Department of International Science and Technology Cooperation NSF, MIRnet, NASA, US Department of Energy, Washington DC, 1999 F&P and ISI, Moscow 1999 "Globalization of Education", Chelyabinsk and Samara, 1999 Oriental Studies Institute, Moscow, 1999 STAR TAP/HPIIS, Chicago, 1999 INET '99, San Jose, 1999 NTIA, Washington DC, 1999 NASA, DOE, NSF, Washington DC, 1999 ORNL, Oak Ridge, 1999 Chautauqua '99 Workshop, (video conference) 1999 Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 1999 Samara State Technical University, Samara, 1999 Sergiev Posad, 1999 Alliance of Universities for Democracy Conference, Budapest, 1999 Annual American Association of Slavic Languages Studies, St. Louis American International Health Alliance, Washington DC, 1999 ISAR, Washington DC, 1999 World Bank, Washington DC, 1999 Nauka-Net

59. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Information Dissemination MIRnet Users Database System 1000 US-Russian Partnerships Described Partnerships Funded by NSF, DOE, CRDF, NIH, IREX US Russian/NIS Language Programs Searchable by Institution, City, Investigator, Keyword Nauka-Net

60. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Information Dissemination Letter/Newsletter distributed to over 500 US-Russian partnerships Nauka-Net

61. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian Institution Users Megabytes transferred July 1 - October 14, 2000 Nauka-Net

62. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US Institution Users Nauka-Net

63. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Benefits Increased network capacity for data sharing Some capacity available for richer communications (video-conferencing) Spurring development of high performance infrastructure in Russia Encouraging US and Russian partners to use advanced network technologies Nauka-Net

64. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Applications Capacity Expansion (FASTnet) Russian High Performance Network Expansion (Nauka-Grid, CIV-Grid, School-Grid) Extension to other NIS countries Nauka-Net

65. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Russian High Performance Network Expansion Critical need to expand beyond Moscow region Success depends upon working with Russian academic network partners (RIPN/RBnet) Recent dramatic decrease in regional telecomm costs for educational/non-profit purposes will help Nauka-Grid is an umbrella program for furthering US- Russian efforts on high performance networking, computational science, and visualization projects Nauka-Net

66. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Extension to other NIS countries Conversations with Ukrainian and Kazakh academic communities Interest from US scientists/health care community in Belarus Will revisit in the months ahead Russia Belarus Ukraine Kazakhstan Nauka-Net

67. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Access Facility in Moscow Needed for demonstrations re: scientists, ministries, others Space has been committed, renovated and is now being used by Kurchatov Institute Space in open area associated with principal US partners and primary Russian networking organization Nauka-Net

68. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Science & Technology Dialog –US-Russian IT Business Roundtable –8 Science/Education Roundtables Move to Starlight (optical switching facility in Chicago) Lightwave between Moscow and Chicago US-Russian Nauka-Grid, CIV-Grid Programs Expansion of high performance capacity in Russia (40,000 km of fiber (www.transtk.ru))www.transtk.ru US-Russian Education Channel Nauka-Net

69. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Fiber, Fiber…Everywhere Lucent and NTT have single-laser 1000-wavelength DWDM working in their labs Fiber w/10 Terabit capacity per pair being laid in multiple 400-pair cables

70. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program * Murmansk * Samara * Vladivostok (Far East) * Novosibirsk (west Siberia) (2 proposals) * Yakutia * Saratov * Sergeiv Posad * Obninsk * Bryansk * Penza * Chelyabinsk * Tomsk * Voronezh * Troitsk * Strezhnevoy * Yaroslavl * Pereslavl-Zalessky   * Kazan * Krasnodar * Rostov-na-Donu * St.Petersburg CIV-Net

71. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Supported by total of $630K from Ford Foundation (and $70K from other sources), the three-year old CIVnet project is developing “model” civic networks in Russia working in partnership with similar U.S. efforts. Goals: –Develop communications/information infrastructure in Russian communities –Enhance access to enabling information / communications technologies –Encourage local democratic reform by encouraging interaction between public, private, education, health care, business sectors –Promote Local, national and international cooperation on “digital divide” issues –Promote US-Russian cooperation –Develop based on Russian culture and community life CIV-Net

72. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Sites selected through competitive, nation-wide, electronic solicitation (only electronic submissions accepted) Six cities chosen not on basis of need but rather likelihood of success and of providing useful model for others Strength of local consortia strong determining factor in selection $45K funding for first year, $25K second year, $15K third and subsequent years CIV-Net

73. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Motivation for Civic Networking Every voice has the right to be heard and should have the means to be heard. Communications systems and technology must therefore be affordable, accessible to all. To work best, communications must allow a flow from many to many, rather than from one to many. Communities must play an essential role in finding their own communications solutions. The Bellagio Declaration CIV-Net

74. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program A synthesis... CIV-Net

75. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future The drive across America.. CIV-Net

76. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future KORRnet: motivation Getting my Mom on the Internet... CIV-Net

77. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Same ideas/technologies as Friends and Partners but for local community Development began in 1994; launched in 1996 Provides community-focused information resource Email accounts, Internet access for 8,000 local citizens Public access sites in 22+ area locations Internet publishing services for over 450+ local organizations Participation/governance from throughout local community Victim of University “politics” KORRnet: An Example CIV-Net

78. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future CHIPS Project Computers for Homebound and Isolated Persons (CHIPS) project recently won Stockholm Challenge Award (highest international award given for community access projects) CIV-Net

79. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future focus Create community-wide Internet access with public access locations, training programs and daily support Foster development of community-wide information services and resources Require participation of local government, business, education, health care, NGOs, public safety in shared, open governance of the project Require information (who, what, where, when, why, (and finances)) about local government CIV-Net

80. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Grand opening ceremony March 27, 1999 CivNET Web site/server established 2 public access points (one is a 15 station facility inside local university) 112 organizations connected (150 additional expected by end of summer) 25+ training seminars - over 250 individuals trained Strong local academic support Chelyabinsk CIV-Net

81. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Grand opening ceremony April 3, 1999 CivNET Web site/server established Six (6) public access points opened 27 organizations connected (28 in process) 10 individuals connected (110 expected by summer) strong local government support very strong chamber of commerce support and involvement Publish newspaper “Sergiev Posad Week” Sergiev Posad CIV-Net

82. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Intro Sergiev Posad 22 October 1999 Sergiev Posad CIV-Net

83. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Samara Grand opening ceremony March 29, 1999 CivNET Web site/server established 36 public access points identified (9 operating) 18 organizations connected (42 additional expected by end of summer) 10 station training facility open daily (from 4:00 - 8:00 pm) and staffed Local administration provided information on local region, economy, culture Extensive material “Samara ethnos and culture” Very strong NGO support (and need) CIV-Net

84. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Samara CIV-Net

85. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program CIV-Net

86. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Kazan Civic Networking team Dmitry Vakhmyanin, Oleg Krasilnikov, Aydar Hamzin, Sergey Kiselev, Tatiana Volchenko CIV-Net

87. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program http://cnk.kai.ru/ 20 June, 2000 Grand Opening of the Kazan Civic Network Local media, Leaders of public organization, National deputies Tatarstan President Administration CIV-Net

88. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Obninsk Civic Networking team CIV-Net

89. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program http://civnet.obninsk.org/ Open 2 public access centers Pilot version of the Obninsk Civnet web Establish opportunities to have access to Internet any NGO Volunteer WEB team works with NGOs ( works all week, including weekend) Provide training seminars (14 organization ) CIV-Net

90. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Voronezh Civic Networking team 25 January,VCN is completely operational with new server in place, all telecommunication equipment operating and organizations already making use of services April, 2000 Regional Children’s Library- access place for young people CIV-Net

91. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Running sub-project: WEB-workshop 23 persons were trained during May, 2000 Local radio program- since 21 May “Voronezh Civic Network ” Network bandwidth capacity increased by 4 times CIV-Net

92. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program http://vcn.vorstu.ac.ru Central Public access Center : Web-workshop ( creating, designing and providing information resources Full- time advisory service on maintenance of a network Structure of server “VCN” was created CIV-Net

93. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future US-Russian Civic Networking Program Future –Second US-Russian Civic Network workshop held in February, 2002 in Washington. –FASTnet connectivity/routing for CIVnets (5 out of 6 currently); –Russia-wide conference (Ford Foundation support) in August, 2002 with Russian Institute for Public Networks on development of CIV- Grid –Expansion of project to additional communities in Russia (CIV-Grid) CIV-Net

94. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe FutureCIV-Net

95. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future CIVnet program movie CIV-Net

96. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Friends and Partners... started with a single email... Friends

97. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Friends and Partners (1994) Friends

98. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future An internet based information sharing and exchange service devoted to encouraging communications and exchange between citizens of the US and Russia (more broadly, between “the west” and the former soviet union). Friends & Partners (an early image) Friends

99. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future An internet based information sharing and exchange service devoted to encouraging communications and exchange between citizens of the US and Russia.An internet based information sharing and exchange service devoted to encouraging communications and exchange between citizens of the US and Russia. Began in 1993-94 as effort to promote interaction and exchange between scientists and educators between Russia and the US - using then-new Internet technologies.Began in 1993-94 as effort to promote interaction and exchange between scientists and educators between Russia and the US - using then-new Internet technologies. Has broadened since 1994 to include non-government organizations, businesses, news agencies, government agencies, women’s groups, social workers, health care communities, churches, students, teachers - in short, anyone interested in promoting and participating in US-Russian exchange.Has broadened since 1994 to include non-government organizations, businesses, news agencies, government agencies, women’s groups, social workers, health care communities, churches, students, teachers - in short, anyone interested in promoting and participating in US-Russian exchange. Emphasis remains on promoting broad-based “grass roots” community- building between Russians and Americans.Emphasis remains on promoting broad-based “grass roots” community- building between Russians and Americans. F&P provides the soil of out of which MIRnet/FASTnet and CIVnet and the various Grid projects have grown.F&P provides the soil of out of which MIRnet/FASTnet and CIVnet and the various Grid projects have grown. friends & partners Friends

100. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe FutureFriends

101. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future friends & partners Launched on January 19, 1994 (strictly a hobby);Launched on January 19, 1994 (strictly a hobby); Hosts over 100 Web Sites; over 50 Listservers; over 11,000 individual subscribers; chat rooms, etc.Hosts over 100 Web Sites; over 50 Listservers; over 11,000 individual subscribers; chat rooms, etc. 5,000,000+ accesses/monthly;5,000,000+ accesses/monthly; 1,000,000+ communications/monthly via listservers;1,000,000+ communications/monthly via listservers; Active chat room;Active chat room; Funded by US State Department, ISF, NATO, Sun Microsystems, US AID, Ford Foundation, American International Health Alliance, US National Science Foundation, Eurasia FoundationFunded by US State Department, ISF, NATO, Sun Microsystems, US AID, Ford Foundation, American International Health Alliance, US National Science Foundation, Eurasia Foundation Support from University of Tennessee (Homer Fisher), NCSA, Pushchino Biological Center and the F&P Foundation-RussiaSupport from University of Tennessee (Homer Fisher), NCSA, Pushchino Biological Center and the F&P Foundation-Russia Friends

102. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future FPLib - Friends & Partners Literature FPlib http://www.fplib.ru/ http://www.friends-partners.org/literature/

103. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future

104. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future Simple Words

105. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future The Grids.. Nauka-Grid CIV-Grid School-Grid (and «Simple Words» project, Junior Achievement) E-Russia program

106. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future

107. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future F&P - The future Revive efforts on «super portal», community services Continue work on US-Russian S&E Infrastructure Continue development of Grids to improve US, Russian domestic communications and computing infrastructure Expand efforts to include cultural cooperation and exchange Continue efforts on Civic Networking / Community Development through CIV-Grid Work closely with Kurchatov Institute on «Simple Words» and other children’s initiatives Develop stable funding base to enable funding new, innovative and «off beat» initiatives in future

108. IntroductionNauka-NetCIV-NetFriendsGridsThe Future For more information F&P: –http://www.friends-partners.org/friends/ –http://www.friends-partners.ru/friends/ Nauka-Net –http://www.friends-partners.org/friends/fastnet/ –http://www.friends-partners.ru/friends/ fastnet / CIVnet –http://www.friends-partners.org/civnet/ –http://www.friends-partners.ru/civnet/