1. International Organizations and Groups Chapter # 6

2. United Nations Organization Established 26 th June 1945 Aim: maintain international peace and security and to promote cooperation involving economic, social and cultural and humanitarian problems

3. Structure: 6 principal organs 1.General assembly 2.Secretariat 3.Security council 4.Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)(54 members) 5.Trusteeship council 6.International court of Justice (15 judges)

4. 1. General assembly: (192 state members) composed of representatives of all Member States main deliberative organ

5. 2. Secretariat Carries day to day work of organization Surveys and preparing studies, administrating peacekeeping activities

6. 3. Security council (5 permanent and 10 non) Permanent: USA, UK, China, France, Russia Maintenance of international peace and security

7. 4. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) (54 members) Coordinate economic and social activities

8. 5. Trusteeship council To provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories placed under the administration of 7 Member States to prepare the Territories for self-government and independence 1994, all Trust Territories had attained self- government or independence

9. International Court of Justice World court Established in 1946 Aim: primary judicial organ of UN. functions are to settle legal disputes submitted to it by states and to give advisory opinions on legal questions Members: 15 judges

10. President of General Assembly: Dr Aliabdussalam Treki (Lebanon) Secretary General: Ben ki-moon (South Korea)

11. World Bank Financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) – International Development Association (IDA).

12. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Established in 1944 Also known as world bank Aim: Finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now promote economic development loans. Members 184

13. International Development Association (IDA) Established in 1960 Providing interest-free credits and grants for programs that boost economic growth, reduce inequalities and improve living conditions.

14. International Labor Organization Established in 1919 Agency of UN Headquarters: Switzerland Deal with labor issues

15. International Monetary Fund Established in 27 th Dec: 1945 Special agency of UN Members 184 Aim: to promote world monetary stability and economic development

16. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Established in 1964 Develop friendly integrations of developing countries Forum for discussions

17. International Atomic Energy Agency Established in 1956 Members: 137 Aim to promote peaceful use of atomic energy and inhibits military use. The IAEA and its former Director General, Mohamed ElBaradei, were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize that was awarded on October 7, 2005.

18. United Nations Development Program To help people build a better life – Democratic Governance – Poverty Reduction – Crisis Prevention and Recovery – Environment and Energy – HIV/AIDS

19. World Food Program Established 1961 – Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies – Prepare for emergencies – Restore and rebuild lives after emergencies – Reduce chronic hunger and under nutrition everywhere – Strengthen the capacity of countries to reduce hunger

20. United Nations Institute of Training and Research Established 1961 Training for capacity development in the fields of Environment; Peace, Security and Diplomacy; and Governance.

21. International Fund for Agricultural Development 1977 Improved agricultural technologies and effective production services To empower poor rural women and men in developing countries to achieve higher incomes and improved food security

22. World Health Organization 1946 Providing leadership on global health matters Providing technical support to countries and monitoring and assessing health trends.

23. Developed Countries Have a high level of development Citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment. Advanced economies

24. Developing countries Less advance then developed countries Higher standard of living then less developed countries

25. Least Developed Countries LDC Show lowest indicator of economic development – Low income – Human resource weakness – Economic instability

26. European Union Established in 7 th February 1992 Members: 17 Aim: coordinate policies among members in economics, building European Economic Community, and to establish common market and currency.

27. African Union Established on 9 July 2002 Members states: 53 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. President: Bingu wa Mutharika Objective: To achieve greater unity and solidarity between the African countries and the peoples of Africa;

28. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Established in 8 th August 1967 Member 11 Its aims include the acceleration of economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its members, the protection of the peace and stability of the region.

29. Arab Cooperation Council Estabkusged 16 th February 1989 The ACC was created partly in response to the four countries being left out of the Gulf Cooperation Council North Yemen, Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt.

30. Gulf Cooperation Council Also known as Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman Established in 1981

31. Coordination, integration and inter- connection between Member States Encouraging cooperation of the private sector; Strengthening ties between their peoples; and Encouraging cooperation of the private sector

32. League of Arab States Regional organization of Arab states in North and Northeast Africa, and Southwest Asia Established March 22, 1945 Members: 22 To safeguard their independence and sovereignty, and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries. mediate disputes among them or between them and third parties

33. North American Free Trade Agreement Members: USA, Canada, and Mexico Trade bloc in north America January 1994 Eliminate trade barriers Promote fair competition Create procedure to settle disputes

34. North Atlantic Treaty Organization Intergovernmental Military Alliance Based on North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. Headquarters: Brussels (Belgium) Members: 28 states Member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. Organization's goal was "to keep the Russians out

36. Also known as Commonwealth of Nations Established in 31 December 1931 Headquarters: Marlborough House, London, United Kingdom 54 independent states Head: Queen Elizabeth II Aim of international understanding and world peace

37. Commonwealth of Independent states Regional organization Established 1991 Members : former Soviet Union countries (10), one participating and other is Russia Headquarters: Moscow Aim: to coordinate inter-commonwealth relations.

38. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Established in 1960 Aim: coordinate petroleum policies Members: 11 Muslim countries Determination of the best means for safeguarding the cartel's interests, individually and collectively

39. Asian Development Bank Established 19 th December 1966 Aim: reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their citizens. Regional members: 44 Non-regional: 18

40. African Development Bank Established in 1964 Headquarters Abidjan Mission To contribute to the sustainable economic development and social progress of its regional members, individually and jointly

41. Islamic Development Bank Established in 1974 Members 54 and Philistine Liberal organization Aim: to promote Islamic economic aid and social development provides interest-free loans providing financial assistance to member countries in other forms for economic and social development

42. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC objective is to enhance economic growth and prosperity in the region and to strengthen the Asia-Pacific community Member 21 Established 1989 Chair: Japan

43. Economics Cooperation Organization Members: seven Asian and Three European countries Platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade, and investment opportunities Headquarters: Tehran Established 1985

44. European Free Trade Association Established in 1960 Aim: to promote expansion of free trade Members: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland G77

45. Collation of developing countries Established 15 th June 1964 Designed to promote economic interest of members and enhance negotiating capacity to the United Nations Expended 133 members Chairmanship: Yemen

46. G8 Initially known as “Group of Six” Created by France 1975 Members 8: Canada, France, UK, USA, Germany, Italy, Japan and now Russia (1997) Annual Meeting of Head of Government Aim: to discuss and coordinate major economic policies

47. G7 Meeting of the finance ministers from a group of seven industrialized nations. Non communist It was formed in 1976, when Canada joined the Group of Six: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States. To discuss economic policies.

48. Paris Club Informal group of financial officials Includes wealthiest members of IMF, provide most of money to be loaned Established 1956 Members: Included 19 world largest economies Provide financial services

49. Economics Cooperation Organization Members: Seven Asian and three European countries Headquarters: Tehran (Iran) Secretary General: Yehya Marufi (Afghanistan) Established 1985 Objective: Promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation, communications, tourism, cultural affairs and economic development.

50. Former Soviet Union USSR Group of 15 countries

51. International Olympic Committee Established in 1894 Members: 205 Aim: promote Olympic ideals and administer Olympic games.

52. International standard Organization Established 1947 Members: 97 Aim: to promote the development of international standards