1. Meteorites and the early solar system.
Universität
zu Köln
Meteorites and the early solar system.
Dominik Hezel

3. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
General Remarks
Meteorites allow precise determinations of processes in the inner solar nebula (< ~4 AU) during a time span of about 30 Ma.
Reprocessing of presolar material (ISM), i.e. formation of the primitive material found in meteorites occurred during ~ 2 Ma.
It is not known when this reprocessing occurred during protoplanetary disk evolution.

4. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system

5. Chondrules =
formerly small melt droplets
Chondrule Ø: ~20 – µm
500 µm

6. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Acfer 209

7. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system

8. av. solar system (Earth)
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
av. solar system (Earth)
low Al/Mg
high Al/Mg
Al-Mg decay system:
26Al → 26Mg
T1/2 = 0.74 Ma
asteroidal
melts
asteroidal
residues
-60
-40
-20 20 40 60
d26Mg* [ppm]
after: Bizzarro et al. 2005; Baker & Bizzarro 2005

9. Hf-W decay system: 182Hf → 182W T1/2 = 9 Ma d182W* [ppm]
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
av. solar system (chondrites)
metal-rich
(low Hf/W)
metal-poor
(high Hf/W)
Hf-W decay system:
182Hf → 182W
T1/2 = 9 Ma
2.9
eucrites
Mars
Earth
iron meteorites
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
1.7
d182W* [ppm]
data from: Kleine et al. 2002, 2005

10. CAIs – Ca, Al-rich inclusions
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
CAIs – Ca, Al-rich inclusions
condensend rim
„Type II“ REE-pattern that can only be achieved during condensation.
Ca, Al-rich phases
condensed CAI
(image: A. Pack)

11. Ni-map Image: Th. Schönbeck
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Ni-map
Image: Th. Schönbeck

12. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Meibom et al. 1999

13. decreasing temperature olivine Mg2[SiO4]
quartz SiO2
SiO2
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
decreasing temperature
olivine Mg2[SiO4] Ol
pyroxene Mg2[Si2O6] Px
metal Fe93Ni7
FeNi
Hezel et al. 2003

14. Fraction CI chondritic composition condensed
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Fe-Ni-metal
Enstatite – MgSiO3
Gehlenite Ca2Al2SiO7
Fraction CI chondritic composition condensed
CorundumAl2O3
Hibonite CaAl12SiO19
Spl
Forsterite – Mg2SiO4
Cpx
Albite
Anorthite
Temperature (K)
from: Davis & Richter 2005

15. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Petaev & Wood 1998

16. Chondrule bulk compositions
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Chondrule bulk compositions
Hezel et al. 2006

17. porphyritic chondrule Barred olivine chondrule
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
porphyritic chondrule
Barred olivine chondrule
glass
olivine
olivine
glass
metal
pyroxene
~1440°C
~1700°C

18. Connolly et al. 1998 olivine glass
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Connolly et al. 1998
olivine
glass

19. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Chondrules formed by flash heating with peak temperatures >2000 K.
The nature of the chondrule forming event is unknown, the recent favorite mechanisms are shock waves.
Desch & Connolly 2002

20. Allende 150 µm image: Klerner 2001
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Allende
image: Klerner 2001
150 µm

21. Hezel & Kießwetter in prep.
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
Chondrule-matrix complementarity requires a common reservoir for both components.
Efremovka
enstatite
(intermediate Mg)
forsterite
(high Mg)
chondrules
solar
Mg-, Si-composition
Hezel & Kießwetter in prep.
solar
Mg/Si-ratio
matrix

22. age obtained from decay: 26Al → 26Mg
D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
age obtained from decay: 26Al → 26Mg
Bizzarro et al. 2004

23. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system
schematic model of the formation of solid matter in the early solar system

24. Thank you for your attention