1. Cranks, Cams and Machines Child’s Hand Crank Pop-Up Toy

2. Information gathered is from the workshop 2007 Family Tools and Technology (FTT) Summer Institute at The College of New Jersey in The Center for Math, Science, Technology, and Pre-Engineering

3. What is a machine? A device used to make work easier Can increase the size of a force, change the direction of a force and change speed

4. What is force and work? A force is a push or pull placed on an object Work takes place when a force moves an object a distance The number of times a machine multiplies a force is called mechanical advantage.

5. Mechanism A mechanism is a smaller part of a machine. Simple machines are machines made up of only one or two parts.

6. The basic simple machines are: Incline plane Wedge Pulley Wheel and Axle Screw Lever

7. Inclined Plane

8. Wedge

9. Pulley

10. Wheel and Axle

11. Screw

12. Lever

13. The Challenge and Warm- Up that follows will help you learn more about how machines work and how they make work easier for us.

14. Warm-Up Changing a Force with Gears Wheeled mechanisms are made from circles.

15. A Pulley= is a wheel with a groove in it that is driven by a belt A Gear= is a wheel with teeth in it driven by a chain, shaft or other gears Wheel and Axle= large wheel connected to a shaft, the shaft rotates with the wheel

16. Gears Gears are used in many machines to transfer a force, increase or reduce a force, increase or reduce speed or change the direction of a force.

17. Please see procedures on page 5

18. When you have completed the activity, fill out the Gear Warm-Up data Sheet

19. Design Brief Child’s Hand Crank Pop-Up Toy

20. Challenge: See page 10 in the packet