1. Nutrition for the Postpartum Mother [insert presenter info]

2. Special Concerns of the Postpartum Mother Restocking nutritional stores Restocking nutritional stores Providing good quality milk for her breastfed baby Providing good quality milk for her breastfed baby Losing weight gradually Losing weight gradually

3. Restocking Nutritional Stores Eat according to MyPyramid Eat according to MyPyramid Continue to take a daily multiple vitamin and mineral supplement as prescribed by your health care provider Continue to take a daily multiple vitamin and mineral supplement as prescribed by your health care provider Continue to take an iron supplement each day as prescribed by your health care provider Continue to take an iron supplement each day as prescribed by your health care provider

4. Eat the MyPyramid Way Grains Grains Vegetables Vegetables Fruits Fruits Milk Milk Meat and Beans Meat and Beans

5. Food Guide Pyramid

6. Grains 1 slice bread 1 slice bread 1 tortilla 1 tortilla ½ cup rice, pasta, or cereal ½ cup rice, pasta, or cereal 1-ounce ready-to-eat whole-grain cereal 1-ounce ready-to-eat whole-grain cereal ½ hamburger bun, bagel or English muffin ½ hamburger bun, bagel or English muffin 3 – 4 plain crackers 3 – 4 plain crackers

7. Vegetables ½ cup chopped raw or cooked vegetable ½ cup chopped raw or cooked vegetable 1 cup raw, leafy vegetables 1 cup raw, leafy vegetables ¾ cup vegetable juice ¾ cup vegetable juice ½ cup scalloped potatoes ½ cup scalloped potatoes

8. Fruits 1 piece fruit or melon wedge 1 piece fruit or melon wedge ¾ cup fruit juice ¾ cup fruit juice ½ cup chopped, cooked or canned fruit ½ cup chopped, cooked or canned fruit ¼ cup dried fruit ¼ cup dried fruit

9. Milk 1 cup milk or yogurt 1 cup milk or yogurt 1-½ ounces natural cheese 1-½ ounces natural cheese 2 ounces process cheese 2 ounces process cheese

10. Meat and Beans 1 ounce cooked lean beef, pork, lamb, veal, poultry, or fish 1 ounce cooked lean beef, pork, lamb, veal, poultry, or fish ¼ cup cooked dry beans ¼ cup cooked dry beans 1 egg 1 egg 2 tablespoons peanut butter 2 tablespoons peanut butter ½ ounce of nuts or seeds ½ ounce of nuts or seeds

11. Fats, Sugars, and Salt (Sodium) Make most of your fat sources from fish, nuts, and vegetable oils Make most of your fat sources from fish, nuts, and vegetable oils Limit solid fats and foods containing solid fats Limit solid fats and foods containing solid fats Choose food and beverages low in added sugars and sodium Choose food and beverages low in added sugars and sodium

12. Breast Feeding…Best for Baby Breastfeeding Benefits for Baby Breastfeeding Benefits for Baby Superior to all other milk substitutes Superior to all other milk substitutes Favorable balance of nutrients Favorable balance of nutrients Easily digestible Easily digestible Promotes physiological development Promotes physiological development Improves cognitive development Improves cognitive development Protects against infections and diseases Protects against infections and diseases Decreases risk of food allergies Decreases risk of food allergies Reduces Risk of Sudden Infant Death (SIDS) syndrome Reduces Risk of Sudden Infant Death (SIDS) syndrome

13. Breastfeeding…Good for Mom Too Breastfeeding Benefits for Mother Breastfeeding Benefits for Mother Contracts the Uterus Contracts the Uterus Lengthens Birth Intervals Lengthens Birth Intervals Conserves Iron Stores Conserves Iron Stores Reduces Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Reduces Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Decreases risk of Type II diabetes Decreases risk of Type II diabetes Increased weight loss and fat loss Increased weight loss and fat loss Protects Bone Density Protects Bone Density Saves Money Saves Money Offers Convenience Offers Convenience

14. Special Concerns of the Breastfeeding Mom Protein Protein Fat Fat Vitamin B 12 Vitamin B 12 Vitamin D Vitamin D Vitamin K Vitamin K Folic Acid Folic Acid Calcium Calcium Chromium Chromium Iron Iron Selenium Selenium Zinc Zinc Fluids Fluids Adequate Calories Adequate Calories

15. Protein Protein needs are higher during breastfeeding than at any other time in life Protein needs are higher during breastfeeding than at any other time in life While breastfeeding, you can get enough protein from a nutritious diet While breastfeeding, you can get enough protein from a nutritious diet

16. Fat Composition of fats in breast milk is determined by the mother’s diet Composition of fats in breast milk is determined by the mother’s diet Breast milk contains docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Breast milk contains docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) DHA is important for baby’s visual and brain development DHA is important for baby’s visual and brain development Include one serving of fish in diet each week Include one serving of fish in diet each week Best sources of DHA are fatty fish, such as salmon Best sources of DHA are fatty fish, such as salmon

17. Vitamin B 12 Vitamin B 12 is found only in foods from animal sources Vitamin B 12 is found only in foods from animal sources Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products are excellent sources Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products are excellent sources Some vegetarians may need a vitamin B 12 supplement Some vegetarians may need a vitamin B 12 supplement

18. Vitamin D Breast milk is low in Vitamin D Breast milk is low in Vitamin D Food sources include Vitamin D-fortified cow’s milk and soy milk Food sources include Vitamin D-fortified cow’s milk and soy milk Yogurt, cheese, and other dairy products are not usually fortified with Vitamin D Yogurt, cheese, and other dairy products are not usually fortified with Vitamin D Sunlight helps the body produce Vitamin D Sunlight helps the body produce Vitamin D Some vegetarians may need a Vitamin D supplement Some vegetarians may need a Vitamin D supplement

19. Vitamin K Vitamin K is produced in the small intestine Vitamin K is produced in the small intestine The newborn infant has a sterile intestine for several days after birth The newborn infant has a sterile intestine for several days after birth Breast milk may be low in Vitamin K Breast milk may be low in Vitamin K The doctor may prescribe a Vitamin K supplement for the infant The doctor may prescribe a Vitamin K supplement for the infant

20. Folic Acid Leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, legumes, and nuts are excellent sources of folic acid Leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, legumes, and nuts are excellent sources of folic acid Grain products like breads, cereals, pasta and rice are enriched with folic acid Grain products like breads, cereals, pasta and rice are enriched with folic acid Make sure you get enough folic acid, especially if planning another pregnancy in the near future Make sure you get enough folic acid, especially if planning another pregnancy in the near future

21. Calcium Main mineral in bones and teeth Main mineral in bones and teeth Important mineral in nerve transmission and muscle contraction Important mineral in nerve transmission and muscle contraction A breastfeeding mother loses 200 – 300 mg of calcium in breast milk each day A breastfeeding mother loses 200 – 300 mg of calcium in breast milk each day Inadequate intake – The body draws from calcium reserves in the mother’s bones Inadequate intake – The body draws from calcium reserves in the mother’s bones

22. Calcium-rich Foods The postpartum mother should consume at least three servings of milk each day The postpartum mother should consume at least three servings of milk each day Nonfat and low-fat milk and milk products are excellent sources of calcium Nonfat and low-fat milk and milk products are excellent sources of calcium Some vegetables and fish with edible bones are also good sources of calcium Some vegetables and fish with edible bones are also good sources of calcium

23. Chromium Helps produce high quality milk in breast- feeding mothers Helps produce high quality milk in breast- feeding mothers Low intake of chromium can increase the mother’s risk for developing high blood sugar and heart disease Low intake of chromium can increase the mother’s risk for developing high blood sugar and heart disease

24. Iron An important component of blood An important component of blood Iron concentrations in most women are depleted after pregnancy Iron concentrations in most women are depleted after pregnancy Most women should continue to eat iron- rich foods and take iron supplements Most women should continue to eat iron- rich foods and take iron supplements The body absorbs iron best from foods from animal sources The body absorbs iron best from foods from animal sources

25. Selenium Selenium helps both mother and baby maintain a strong immune system Selenium helps both mother and baby maintain a strong immune system It also aids in cell growth It also aids in cell growth Nursing baby’s selenium status is directly affected by what the mother eats Nursing baby’s selenium status is directly affected by what the mother eats Food sources include seafood, extra-lean meat, cooked dried beans and peas, and chicken Food sources include seafood, extra-lean meat, cooked dried beans and peas, and chicken

26. Zinc Essential for baby’s growth and development Essential for baby’s growth and development Breastfeeding increases the demand for this nutrient Breastfeeding increases the demand for this nutrient Many women don’t consume enough zinc Many women don’t consume enough zinc The body uses zinc from foods of animal origin best The body uses zinc from foods of animal origin best

27. Fluids Nursing mother loses about 23 ounces of fluid each day Nursing mother loses about 23 ounces of fluid each day If you feel thirsty, you are already dehydrated If you feel thirsty, you are already dehydrated Drink at least six glasses of water in addition to other fluids daily Drink at least six glasses of water in addition to other fluids daily Drink a glass of milk, juice, or water at each meal and each time the baby nurses Drink a glass of milk, juice, or water at each meal and each time the baby nurses Low fluid intake could result in constipation and fatigue Low fluid intake could result in constipation and fatigue

28. Practices Incompatible with Breastfeeding Avoid: Avoid: Alcohol Alcohol Illicit Drugs Illicit Drugs Cigarette Smoking Cigarette Smoking Caution: Caution: Medicinal Drugs Herbal Supplements Caffeine

29. Getting Back to Your Pre-pregnancy Weight Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is an important factor in postpartum weight retention Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is an important factor in postpartum weight retention Avoid fad diets! Avoid fad diets! Breastfeeding speeds up the weight loss process Breastfeeding speeds up the weight loss process

30. Success Strategies for Weight Loss Lose weight gradually – 1 to 2 pounds per week Lose weight gradually – 1 to 2 pounds per week Reduce fat intake and eat more fruits, vegetables, whole-grains, and nonfat/low-fat milk and milk products, and lean meat products Reduce fat intake and eat more fruits, vegetables, whole-grains, and nonfat/low-fat milk and milk products, and lean meat products If breastfeeding, don’t attempt weight loss for the first six weeks postpartum, then aim for a weight loss of no more than a 2 pound weight loss per month If breastfeeding, don’t attempt weight loss for the first six weeks postpartum, then aim for a weight loss of no more than a 2 pound weight loss per month

31. Success Strategies for Weight Loss (cont.) Eat regular meals and snacks Eat regular meals and snacks Watch portion sizes Watch portion sizes Include high protein foods in your meals (e.g., chicken breast, water packed tuna, grilled salmon) Include high protein foods in your meals (e.g., chicken breast, water packed tuna, grilled salmon) Begin to exercise as soon as your health care provider gives the okay Begin to exercise as soon as your health care provider gives the okay

32. Weight Loss Installation resources Installation resources - How to get a referral to a dietitian - The Weigh to Stay program - Fitness and/or recreation center - PPPT Program for postpartum mothers

33. Questions??

34. References The American Dietetic Association’s Complete Food and Nutrition Guide, Roberta Larson Duyff, MS, RD, CFCS Nutrition for Women: The Complete Guide Elizabeth Somer, MA, RD Position of the American Dietetic Association: Promoting and Supporting Breastfeeding Understanding Nutrition (8 th ed), Whitney and Rolfes

35. Enjoy Your New Baby!

36. Resources http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/aboutwic/ http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/aboutwic/ http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/aboutwic/ http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/