1. Crosswalk Data Analysis Lynn White’s Stats Class Spring 2011 Add the names of all the team members to this first slide

2. Our Study The Main Purpose: We wanted to investigate flag use at a pedestrian crosswalk and the variables that determine whether a flag is used or not. State the general purpose of your study

3. Procedures Data was collected… At the crosswalk across the street from Lins In pairs One individual on each side of the street The individual on the side opposite the way individuals crossed administered the survey On both weekdays and weekends During daylight hours In clear weather Give a brief description of the procedures And/or the survey you used

4. IV’s and DV’s Manipulated or Recorded Flag/No Flag Solo/Group Crossing Group Size Age Gender Resident Highest Level of Education Traffic If children under 18 were present

5. Our Sample n= 45 Mean Age: 28.23 years old, s = 2.33 Men = 21 women = 24 Use descriptive stats to describe your Sample (sample size, # males/females, Mean age and Standard deviation… other Important characteristics to define the Sample). Do not report any SEMs here.

6. What to put on each slide for the statistical tests State the research question you are using statistics to answer be careful with word choice (relationship vs. difference) When using a t-test or ANOVA: state the IV(s), the levels (separately for each IV - if you have 2 IVs), the DV being analyzed, and the scale of measurement. Make sure you state the FULL name of the test. When using correlation or chi square, state what the two variables are and their level of measurement (hint: for correlation, both need to be Interval or ratio; for chi square, both need to be nominal or ordinal). For chi square, state the FULL name of the test. Put in a graph (histogram or polygon) with SEMs to show differences between means Put in a scatterplot to show a correlation ; Put in a table to show chi-square For each statistical test, you must write out the results in correct APA format. Then state the finding in plain simple English (there are samples in my stats book). Make sure you tell me if the results are significant or not significant. AESTHETICS COUNT! Make your presentation look DYNAMITE!

7. Does Age Differ by Residency Status? Independent t-test IV = residency (CC resident vs. non-CC resident), DV = age (ratio) Not significant t(44) = 1.86, p >.05 Mean age did not differ between residents vs. non- residents of Cedar City resident

8. Does Flag use Depend on Traffic Congestion? chi square contingency test: variable 1= flag use (nominal), variable 2 = traffic (ordinal) Not significant χ² (5, N= 45) = 2.20, p >.05. Flag usage does not depend on whether the traffic was light, moderate or heavy. Flag usage as a function of traffic light moderate heavy No flag 55% 49% 44% Flag 45% 51% 56% Note: % are percent of sample within each traffic category

9. Pearson correlation: variable 1 = years of education (ratio), variable 2 = time to cross the intersection (ratio) Significant, r=.79, p=.000 As the number of years in school increased, time to cross increased. Is years of education correlated with the time it takes to cross the intersection?

10. Does Age Differ by Gender and Flag Use? 2 Way independent ANOVA IV: gender (men vs. women, between subjects) IV: flag usage (no flag vs. flag, between subjects) DV = age (ratio) Neither main effect was significant at p >.05 The interaction was significant F(1, 41)= 5.49, p=.002 The mean age of women was the same for flag carriers and non-carriers. The mean age of men who carried flags was significantly higher than the mean age of men who did not carry a flag.

11. Conclusions Mean age did not differ by residency status Flag use did not depend on traffic congestion Years of education was positively correlated with time to cross the intersection For women: mean age did not differ between Carriers and non-carriers For mean: flag carriers were significantly older Than non-carriers