1. Trends in Pre-K and K-12 Education Dean Karen Symms Gallagher Emery Stoops and Joyce King-Stoops Dean’s Chair

2. Assumptions Children and youth are most important resources for sustaining our democratic way of life and our economic viability Investment in education, health and social services for children and youth is good for everyone Success in school (cognitive achievement, high school graduation) depends on individual effort, family support and societal commitment

3. Comparison of US & California Demographics Related to Schooling AGE DISTRIBUTION USA (2005)California (2005) Up to 4 years old 6.8%7.4% 5 to 13 years old 12.2%13.3% 14 to 17 years old 5.8%6.1% 18 to 64 years old 62.8%62.4% 65 years old and older 12.4%10.7%

4. Comparison of US & California Demographics Related to Schooling RACE AND ETHNICITY USA (2005)California (2005) American Indian 1.0%1.2% Asian/Pacific Islander 4.4%12.5% Black 12.8%6.8% White 80.4%77.2% Hispanic, any race 14.1%34.7%

5. Comparison of US & California Demographics Related to Schooling HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT USA (2005)California (2005) 8 TH GRADE OR LESS 6.3%10.2% HS DIPLOMA 29.5%21.6% SOME COLLEGE 20.3%21.9% BACHELOR’S DEGREE 17.2%19.0% POST-BAC DEGREE 9.8%10.4%

6. Comparison of US & California Demographics Related to Schooling SELECTED CRITERIA USA (2005)California (2005) PROPORTION WHO SPEAK OTEL AT HOME 18.7%41.3% POVERTY RATE 12.6%13.2% PER CAPITA INCOME $34,586$37,036 NEW HS GRADUATES – (AY07 ESTIMATED) 3,107,931400,341 AVERAGE SAT SCORE 10281026

7. 62 COUNTRIES WITH BELOW REPLACEMENT- LEVEL (2.1) FERTILITY RATES IN 2000-2005 1-China,Hong Kong (1.0) 2- China, Macao (1.1) 5- Russian Federation (1.14) 11- S. Korea (1.17) 15- Italy (1.23) 23- Japan (1.32) 25- EU (1.38) 30- Canada (1.48) 47- China (1.825) 62- USA (2.01)

8. K-12 Student Demographics - California Race and Ethnicity 2004-05 Distribution2004-05 Percentages African American 505,3548.0 Asian/Pacific Islander/Filipino 713,24111.3 Hispanic/Latino 2,961,09746.8 Native American 51,8230.8 White, Non-Hispanic 1,981,46031.3 Total Enrollment 6,322,189

9. K-12 Student Demographics in California Special Programs Program 2004-05 Population2004-05 Percentages English Learners (EL) 1,591,525 25.2 Special Education 638,51710.1 Gifted and Talented 481,9587.6 Free/Reduced Lunch 3,106,81849.7

10. ECE enrollments for Disadvantaged Children Programs for 3 and 4 year olds – e.g., Head Start, Early Head Start United States 962,000 California 165,000

11. Longer Term Effects of High Quality ECE Programs Improved student achievement Fewer grade retentions Fewer special education referrals Increased graduation rates Lower incidence of criminal activity

12. High Quality Preschool Standards Early Learning Standards Teacher with BA degree Teacher with training in Pre-K Teacher aide has CDA 15 hours of professional development per year Maximum class size – 20 Staff to child ration 1:10 Required screening and referrals to comprehensive health At least one meal/day State monitoring and data collection

13. Targeted vs. Universal ECE Targeted: Less expensive At-risk children benefit the most Less likely to receive consistent public support Universal All parents have same option to enroll More administrative costs Greater political support, maybe

14. High Quality ECE and reading Importance of 3 rd grade reading ability (reading on grade level) Importance of curriculum designed on principles of child development Caring, competent and qualified pre-K teachers

15. The Problem of Adult Illiteracy 40 percent of adult Americans have trouble reading job applications, traffic signs, election materials, prescription directions on medicine bottle, reading a bus schedule, newspaper article 75 percent of unemployed adults have reading and/or writing difficulties

16. Adult Illiteracy in Los Angeles 3.8 million Angelenos or 53 percent of LA County’s adult work force cannot read a bus schedule Children’s health affects their ability to read and their ability to succeed in kindergarten and first grade If every 3 rd grader left 3 rd grade able to read at grade level …..

17. Getting Ready for School Reading at grade-level by the end of 3 rd grade is not a cure-all, but it is a critical goal and must be supported by everyone in our educational system in California and the USA