1. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 1 Lecture 2 Content Drawing environment – Drawing equipment – Drawing setup

2. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 2 Drawing equipment – –Full description of all equipment is tedious and unnecessary – –Aim is to cover the essentials – –Discuss:  Drawing boards  T-squares  Set squares  Scales  Protractors  Curves  Dividers  Compasses  Drawing pens  Drawing ink  Lettering pens  Stencils  Erasers  Colors  Drawing paper  Plastic coated card  Tracing paper  Tracing film  Detail paper  Backing sheets  Fixing

3. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 3 Drawing boards: – –Made in sizes to correspond with standard paper sizes A1 -- 920mm x 650mm A2 – 1270mm x 920mm – –Flat, smooth, do not twist or buckle – –Soft enough to attach pins, staples, etc. T-squares – –Sizes correspond to lengths of drawing boards – –Provides right angle straight lines that are perpendicular to the drawing board’s edge

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5. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 5

6. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 6

7. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 7 Set squares – –Used for drawing vertical and inclined lines – –It is a triangle with an adjustable side – –Protect from damages

8. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 8

9. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 9 Scales – –Thin narrow strips of white or yellow plastic with dimensions along each edge – –At various recognized proportions eg. 1:1, 1:10, 1:100, 1:250, 1:2500, etc. – –Scales normally 30cm or 15 cm long

10. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 10

11. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 11 Protractor – –Used for measuring or for setting out angles – –Divided into degrees – –Center and diameter is shown Curves – –Called French curves or flexible ruler – –Used to draw irregular or complex curves – –Not recommended to draw regular shapes

12. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 12

13. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 13 Dividers – –Used for dividing lines into equal units and for multiplying or transferring distances Compasses – –Used for drawing circles and arcs – –Consists of a needle point leg, and the other leg for a pencil attachment

14. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 14

15. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 15 Drawing pens – –Also called technical pens – –Based on the fountain-pen principle, with ink reservoirs – –Nibs can be interchanged, ranging from 0.2mm to 1.2mm Drawing ink – –Waterproof (especially for drawings that are used outdoors) – –Pre-filled cartridges or filled straight from the bottle

16. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 16 Pens and stencils

17. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 17 Pencils – –Ordinary drawing pencils are made of cedar wood with ‘leads’ of compressed clay and graphic – –‘leads’ are made in varying degrees of hardness and softness ranging from the hardest, 9H, to the softest, 6B – –Most drawing are done in HB or F – –Pencils require frequent sharpening – –More popular are the clutch pencils

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19. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 19 Erasers – –Used for alterations, corrections – –Special ink eraser removes inks from tracing paper and drafting film Colors – –Used extensively for drawings to represent features – –Used the primary colors (RED, YELLOW, BLUE)

20. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 20 Drawing paper – –Machine made papers (eg. Cartridge) which are used for exercises and line drawing – –Handmade or mould made papers which are used for rendering drawings

21. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 21

22. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 22 Tracing paper and film – –Specially treated paper and polyester film of transparent or semi-transparent Detail paper – –Supplied in rolls and pads of 100 sheets – –Up to A2 size Backing sheets – –Wooden drawing boards are covered with backing sheets to provide a firm and even working surface Fixings – –Holding the paper to the board using drafting tape or scotch tape

23. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 23 Drawing setup in AutoCAD Drawing units – –Default in a new drawing is linear and angular units which are set to decimal numbers – –Could use existing templates or start from scratch – –Set the length and angle types, and their respective precision

24. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 24 Drawing size – –Defined as the part of the screen in which you draw – –Involves setting: 1. 1.Grid Pattern of regularly spaced dots used as an aid to drawing 2. 2.Limits Setting the coordinates of the lower-left (ll) and upper-right (ur) corners of the grid Default (ll) is (0,0) while (ur) is set accordingly Grid and Snap – –Ensures lines are connected (snapped) onto points as shown on the grid

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27. AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 27 … The End …