1. Climate-Induced Hydrologic and Geochemical Modifications in Alluvial and Coastal Watersheds Ming-Kuo Lee James Saunders Ashraf Uddin Chandana Mitra Li Dong Yingru Li Luke Marzen Department of Geology and Geography, Auburn University

2. Global Climate Change Warmer atmosphere Reduce Ice Volume Sea level rise Rivers dry up Water shortage for drinking & irrigation Higher water temperature Extreme Climate Events Intensive precipitation Extreme droughtsStrong evaporation Water salinity  Dissol oxygen  flooding Runoff  Human pollutants releases Coastal erosion, flooding, saltwater intrusion Climate change is changing water availability & quality!! Water quality  Water availability 

3. Sea level and ocean temperature change since Pliocene (3 Ma) a.Pleistocene glaciation b. Holocene warm up Sosdian and Rosenthal (2009, Science)

4. Natural Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in Holocene Alluvial Aquifers (WHO: the worst environmental health crisis of modern time) Is Climate Change to Blame Is Climate Change to Blame? Bangladesh Wells: Drinking water “tube” wells (10-75 m of depth): 10 million 27% with As > 50 µg/L (BGS data) arsenic-affected population: 10 µg/L: 57 million 50 µg/L: 35 million arsenical dermatitis: 1 million cancer deaths: > 200,000 (Shamsudduha et al., 2008) (NSF funded research, 06-08, 11-12, 14-17)

5. (Lee et al., 2013) Holocene Pliocene- Pleistocene (120ka-12ka) Sea Level Rise Fast flushing Slow flushing Arsenic is mobilized under sluggish and reducing geochemical conditions Fast hydrologic flushing oxidized Fe-reducing 2MnO 2 + 4FeO(OH)*As + 2CH 2 O + 10H +  2Mn 2+ + 4Fe 2+ + 2HCO 3 - + 8H 2 O + As(III)

6. The monthly global mean sea level (1880 to 2009) Church and White (2011) Average rate from 1880 to 2009: 1.94 mm/year Rate from 1993 to 2009: 3.44 mm/year  Slow arsenic flushing in alluvial aquifers will likely continue if this acceleration of sea-level rise remains its current course  Will sea level rise and saltwater intrusion mobilize more arsenic?

7. NASA Innovations in Climate Education (NICE)  $600k funding to develop and implement new education modules into the existing course of study for 6-12 grade science classroom (Dr. Wooten’s legacy)  Generate a better informed public that understand the consequences of climate change  learning activities include field data collection, computer simulations, and laboratory measurement. Teachers are trained in the use of these modules through partnership with Alabama Science in Motion  Host Global Climate Change in Education Symposium in 2012  Education modules were published in Springer’s Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation (2012, 2014)