1. Electromagnetism Lecture#1 [Introduction] Instructor: Engr. Muhammad Mateen Yaqoob

2. Instructor Information Instructor: Engr. Muhammad Mateen Yaqoob mateenyaqoob@gmail.com Consulting Hours: Tuesday (9:30 am – 3:30 pm) Faculty Block 2 nd Floor (304-4) MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

3. Instructor Introduction MS Electrical Engineering COMSATS Islamabad BS Telecommunication Engineering Foundation University Islamabad Area of Interest: Wireless Communication and Networks MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

4. Course Introduction (1/2) This course is worth 3 credit hours Prerequisites: A good grounding in calculus and physics is essential for this course Course Focus: The focus of course is on electricity and magnetism, including electric fields, magnetic fields and laws, electromagnetic forces, conductors and dielectrics, and electromagnetic waves. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

5. Course Introduction (2/2) Text-book: Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway/Jewett (6th and higher editions) Recommended Book: Principles of Electric Circuits (Conventional Current Version) by Thomas L. Floyd Field and Wave Electromagnetics by David K. Cheng Lecture notes will be available to students from my webpage (www. mateen.yolasite.com) MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

6. Course Grading Mid-Term Exam = 25 Marks Sessional = 20 Marks Lab = 10 Marks Final-Term Exam = 45 Marks MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

7. Coordinate Systems Many aspects of physics involve a description of a location in space Cartesian coordinate system: ◦Also called rectangular coordinates ◦In this horizontal and vertical axes intersect at a point defined as the origin Polar coordinate system: ◦Sometimes it is more convenient to represent a point in a plane by its plane polar coordinates (r, θ) ◦In this polar coordinate system, r is the distance from the origin to the point having Cartesian coordinates (x, y), and θ is the angle between a line drawn from the origin to the point and a fixed axis ◦This fixed axis is usually the positive x axis, and θ is usually measured counterclockwise from it MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Cartesian Coordinate System Polar Coordinate System

8. Coordinate Systems Therefore, starting with the plane polar coordinates of any point, we can obtain the Cartesian coordinates by using the equations Furthermore, the definitions of trigonometry tell us that If the reference axis for the polar angle θ is chosen to be one other than the positive x axis or if the sense of increasing θ is chosen differently, then the expressions relating the two sets of coordinates will change MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE The right triangle used to relate (x, y) to (r, θ)

9. Physical Quantities Scalar: Certain physical quantities only have magnitude e.g., mass or the absolute temperature These quantities can be represented by numbers alone Vector: Those which have both magnitude and direction The magnitude can stretch or shrink, and the direction can reverse Position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum and torque are all physical quantities that can be represented mathematically by vectors MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

11. Properties of Vector A vector is a quantity that has both direction and magnitude Let a vector be denoted by the symbol The magnitude of is We can represent vectors as geometric objects using arrows The length of the arrow corresponds to the magnitude of the vector The arrow points in the direction of the vector MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

12. Vector Addition Vectors can be added using “Head-to-tail rule” MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

13. Vector Addition Vector addition satisfies the following four properties: 1.Commutivity: The order of adding vectors does not matter 2.Associativity: When adding three vectors, it doesn’t matter which two you start with 3.Identity Element for Vector Addition: There is a unique vector, that acts as an identity element for vector addition 4.Inverse element for Vector Addition: For every vector, there is a unique inverse vector MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

14. Standards of Length, Mass, and Time MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

15. Standards of Length, Mass, and Time MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

16. Standards of Length, Mass, and Time MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

17. Standards of Length, Mass, and Time MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

21. Units of measurement SI fundamental units SI supplementary units MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

22. Except for current which is a fundamental unit, all electrical and magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Electrical quantities and derived units with SI symbols. Electric Quantities and Units

23. Units of measurement Magnetic quantities and derived units with SI symbols. Magnetic quantities and Units MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

24. Scientific Notation Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific Notation. In scientific notation, a quantity is expressed as a product of a number between 1 and 10 and a power of ten (10 x ). For Example 47,000,0.0 = 4.7 x 10 5 0.00022 = 2.2 x 10 -4 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

25. Power of Ten MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

26. Examples Q 1 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

27. Q 2 Examples MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

28. Examples Q 3 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

29. Engineering Notation Engineering notation is similar to scientific notation. However, in engineering notation a number can have from one to three digits to the left of the decimal point and the power-of-ten exponent must be a multiple of three. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

30. Examples Q 1 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

31. Examples Q 2 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

32. Metric Prefixes In engineering notation metric prefixes represent each of the most commonly used powers of ten. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

33. Examples Q 1 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

34. Metric Unit Conversion When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

35. Metric Unit Conversion When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller. MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

36. Metric Unit Conversion Q 1 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

37. Examples Q 2 MATEEN YAQOOB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE