1. Force Theory of State Formation Characterized by… Someone or some group manages to get the population to observe their wishes and policies. May be achieved by force – typically violently. Force may be used to start a state initially, or to take over an already existing state.

2. Evolutionary Theory of State Formation Characterized by… Origins in family/kinship Develop links to a defined area through growth of clans, and then development of permanent agriculture, tying you to a defined area.

3. Divine Right Theory of State Formation King Charles II of England (1660) Characterized by… Unique tie to a defined territory and the government of it, is inspired and/or given by a higher power. Single leader (king) who claims that God ordained to rule.

4. Social Contract Theory of State Formation Characterized by… Government formed by the will of the population in a territory. The “contract” is that the people “allow” the government to serve in their name; they may overthrow an unresponsive and tyrannical government if they are able to organize such a transition. Typically associated with what emerges as democratic, non-monarchical states.