1. Canada in the early 20 th Century

2. Wilfred Laurier Prime Minister, 1896- 1911 Canada’s 7 th Liberal Period of industrialization and immigration Dealt with the Boer War by sending a volunteer force, not the militia Let me tell you, my fellow countrymen, that the twentieth century shall be the century of Canada and of Canadian development. For the next seventy- five years, nay for the next 100 years, Canada shall be the star towards which all men who love progress and freedom shall come. Toronto Globe, October 15, 1904 Let me tell you, my fellow countrymen, that the twentieth century shall be the century of Canada and of Canadian development. For the next seventy- five years, nay for the next 100 years, Canada shall be the star towards which all men who love progress and freedom shall come. Toronto Globe, October 15, 1904

3. The Victorian Era Queen Victoria, 1837-1901 Moral strictness Social conservatism Poverty = laziness Private charities, not a welfare state Law and order Formal courtship Male-domination Out of this context came first-wave feminism Suffragists Arts: sentimental, romantic, rural Industrialization

4. Still a British Nation Canada still didn’t have its own flag Canada did not control its foreign policy Canada was divided between IMPERIALISTS and NATIONALISTS Henri Bourassa Resigned from Laurier’s cabinet over the Boer War Canadiens losing rights to French- language education in the western provinces If there is no protection then there is no reason for Canadiens to stay!

5. Laurier’s big immigration campaign If you were Healthy and Wealthy (and white) Then you could buy 160 acres of prairie for $10 You only had to build a house, begin cultivating the land, and survive the first three years! And ignore the predjudice and racism (ethnocentrism).

6. End