1. Minerals CHAPTER the BIG idea CHAPTER OUTLINE Minerals are basic building blocks of Earth. Minerals are all around us. 2.1 A mineral is identified by its properties. 2.2 Minerals are valuable resources. 2.3 NEW CHAPTER

2. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Minerals are all around us. 2.1 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE element mineral crystal A mineral has four characteristics. formed in nature solid crystal structure cubic

3. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Minerals are all around us. 2.1 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE element mineral crystal A mineral has four characteristics. formed in nature solid crystal structure definite chemical makeup chlorine sodium halite

4. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME mineral 2.1 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are all around us. A substance that forms in nature, is a solid, has a definite chemical makeup, and has a crystal structure. element mineral crystal

5. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical changes. An element consists of atoms of only one type. element 2.1 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are all around us. element mineral crystal

6. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A solid substance in which the atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three- dimensional pattern. crystal 2.1 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are all around us. element mineral crystal

7. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME streak density A mineral is identified by its properties. 2.2 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE cleavage fracture luster hardness Mineral Properties wulfenite colororange streakwhite lusternonmetallic cleavageyes density 6.9 hardness 3

8. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The color of a mineral powder left behind when a mineral is scraped across a surface; a method for classifying minerals. streak 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

9. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The property of a mineral that describes the way in which light reflects from its surface. Major types of luster are metallic and nonmetallic. luster 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

10. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The property of a mineral that describes its tendency to break along flat surfaces. cleavage 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

11. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces. fracture 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

12. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A property of matter representing the mass per unit volume. density 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

13. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The resistance of a mineral or other material to being scratched. hardness 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness

14. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Minerals are valuable resources. 2.3 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Minerals have many uses. Technology Industry Arts copper magma lava ore

15. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Minerals are valuable resources. 2.3 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Methods of mineral formation within Earth and at the surface Water evaporates. Organisms form shells or bones. Hot water cools. Molten rock cools. Heat and pressure cause changes. magma lava ore

16. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Molten rock beneath Earth’s surface. magma 2.3 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are valuable resources. magma lava ore

17. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Molten rock that reaches a planet’s surface through a volcano. lava 2.3 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are valuable resources. magma lava ore

18. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A rock that contains enough of a valuable mineral to be mined for a profit. ore 2.3 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are valuable resources. magma lava ore

19. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME I. Minerals are all around us. A. Minerals have four characteristics. B. Minerals are grouped according to composition. 2.1 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are all around us. 1. Formed in Nature 2. Solid 3. Definite Chemical Makeup 4. Crystal Structure element mineral crystal

20. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME 2.2 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY A mineral is identified by its properties. II. A mineral is identified by its properties. A. A mineral’s appearance helps identify it. B. The way a mineral breaks helps identify it. 1. Density 2. Hardness C. A mineral’s density and hardness help identify it. streak density cleavage fracture luster hardness D. Some minerals have special properties. 1. Cleavage 2. Fracture 1. Color and Streak 2. Luster

21. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME III. Minerals are valuable resources. A. Minerals have many uses in industry. 1. Surface Mining 2. Deep Mining B. Minerals have many uses in the arts. 2.3 KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Minerals are valuable resources. C. Minerals form in several ways. magma lava ore D. Many minerals are mined.