2. Respiration & Circulation Accel Bio 2005

3. Respiration Self-review Topics Location & Function of structures of human respiratory system –diaphragm, alveoli, lungs, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, larynx, epiglottis, pharynx, nasal cavity, mouth, cilia, mucus, mucous membrane Mechanical control of breathing –role of diaphragm and rib cage

4. Respiration topics for discussion Chemical control of breathing –Role of CO 2 levels in blood –Blood chemistry & pH Oxygen delivery by Hemoglobin & the Bohr effect Adaptations to breathing at altitude Dangers of carbon monoxide, altitude sickness, & smoking

5. Chemical control of breathing is controlled by CO 2 levels in blood

6. The medulla controls the breathing rate by monitoring blood pH

7. Oxygen Delivery by Hemoglobin & the Bohr Effect

8. Altitiude Adaptations: Hb O 2 saturation in different species

9. Circulation & Blood Self-review Topics Evolution of vertebrate circulatory systems –comparative anatomy of fish & mammal heart/ circulation hearts with 2 & 4 chambers respectively single circuit blood flow v. dual circuit blood flow (pulmonary & systemic) respectively Location & Function of structures of human circulatory system –Heart structure (chambers, valves & blood vessels) and path by which blood flows through it (deox. & oxygenated blood) –Cardiac cycle (systole/diastole, how happens, role of SA node, AV node, Bundle of His) –Systemic & Pulmonary circulation –Blood vessel structure & function (arteries, veins, capillaries)

10. Circulation topics for discussion Blood pressure & velocity Cardiovascular disease (types & causes) Blood makeup & function ABO Blood typing If time: Fetal circulation

11. Blood Pressure in Various Vessels, Blood Vessel Area & Blood Velocity

12. Types of Cardiovascular Disease CV Disease Risk Factors: – Examples of CV disease: –Hypertension –Atherosclerosis –Angina pectoris –Coronary thrombosis –Stroke

13. CV Disease: Atherosclerosis What is it? –A good definition & description of arteriosclerosis & atherosclerosis: http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00038850.html http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00038850.html Occlusion (blockage) Remaining opening

14. Other Manifestations of CV Disease Angina pectoris Coronary thrombosis Stroke

15. Treatment of Atherosclerosis in Coronary Arteries Angioplasty Angioplasty with Stent insertion By-pass surgery

16. Blood Makeup 1 2 3

17. ABO Blood Typing

18. Type A Type B Type AB Type O

19. Fetal Circulation

20. Image Sources Mammalian Circ & Heart1: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/ip/christerhogstrand/courses/hb0223/circulat.htmhttp://www.kcl.ac.uk/ip/christerhogstrand/courses/hb0223/circulat.htm Respiration (various): http://www.kcl.ac.uk/ip/christerhogstrand/courses/hb0223/respirat.htmhttp://www.kcl.ac.uk/ip/christerhogstrand/courses/hb0223/respirat.htm Block artery: http://www.tmc.edu/thi/cad.htmlhttp://www.tmc.edu/thi/cad.html Athero.jpg: http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/ahd/jpg/A4athero.jpghttp://www.yourdictionary.com/images/ahd/jpg/A4athero.jpg atherosclerosis_1x.jpg: http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Digital_Path/Heart/atherosclerosis.htmhttp://www.brown.edu/Courses/Digital_Path/Heart/atherosclerosis.htm athero comparison: http://www.mountauburn.caregroup.org/library/healthguide/en- us/support/topic.asp?hwid=hw139808http://www.mountauburn.caregroup.org/library/healthguide/en- us/support/topic.asp?hwid=hw139808 Angina: http://www.heart-help.net/angina.htmlhttp://www.heart-help.net/angina.html Angina Man in snow: http://www.agw.uni-osnabrueck.de/GES_Homepage/Abbildungenhttp://www.agw.uni-osnabrueck.de/GES_Homepage/Abbildungen Angina ManPuking: http://www.moondragon.org/images/angina1.jpghttp://www.moondragon.org/images/angina1.jpg Angina symptoms: http://www.clevelandclinic.org/heartcenter/images/guide/disease/cad/symptoms.JPG Angioplasty: http://www.bartleby.com/61/imagepages/A4angiop.htmlhttp://www.bartleby.com/61/imagepages/A4angiop.html Stent in hand: http://www.iof.fraunhofer.de/departments/precision-engineering/medical/index_d.htmlhttp://www.iof.fraunhofer.de/departments/precision-engineering/medical/index_d.html www.iof.fraunhofer.de/.../ _media/stent2.jpg Angioplasty with Stenting: http://www.bhf.org.uk/hearthealth/index.asp?secID=1&secondlevel=79&thirdlevel=456&artID=1589 http://www.bhf.org.uk/hearthealth/index.asp?secID=1&secondlevel=79&thirdlevel=456&artID=1589 Stenting phases: http://www.uthscsa.edu/mission/spring98/stent.htmlhttp://www.uthscsa.edu/mission/spring98/stent.html Blood type, Preg Rh neg blood, blood donor: http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/circulation.htmlhttp://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/circulation.html Fetal Circulation: http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/hrnewborn/nicuintr.htmlhttp://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/hrnewborn/nicuintr.html