1. 1 Force Protection & Integrated Survivability - An Industrial Perspective Colin Robinson

2. 2 Force Protection & Survivability Definitions  "“The military term given to a range of measures designed to preserve the combat power of our own forces”  “All measures and means to minimize the vulnerability of personnel, facilities, equipment and operations to any threat and in all situations, to preserve freedom of action and the operational effectiveness of the force” www.raf.mod.uk NATO Glossary of Terms & Definitions, AAP-6(2007), dated 16/4/7 FP is all about maintaining operational effectiveness ……… Objectives  Force Protection is a means to an end  Provision of Force Protection increases the Probability of Survivability  The End (or Goal) is Mission Survivability …….. To preserve freedom of action and the operational effectiveness of the force……

3. 3 JDS, Vol 10, No 2 Integrated Survivability  Integrated (Mission) Survivability  “the ability to complete a mission successfully in the face of a (man- made) hostile environment”  Considered in context of the operational mission and its implicit threats  Essential to have a good understanding of the ORBAT of the adversary as a precursor to optimising survivability  Vulnerability of any force element is a function of the protective methods used and the time spent exposed to the threat  Protection requirements will vary according to needs  Base/facilities, platforms/equipment, personnel/individual  Must match demands of mission, threat and operating environment

4. 4 Force Protection – Current UOR Focus  Current focus of Force Protection is driven by current conflicts:  Peace Enforcement / Peace Support  Afghanistan, Iraq  urban, complex terrain; asymmetric conflicts; terrorist tactics  Biggest threat is IED

5. 5 Much wider than IED threats. Open Combat & Warfighting still relevant Force Protection – Overall Scope  Current focus of Force Protection is driven by current conflicts:  Peace Enforcement / Peace Support  Afghanistan, Iraq  urban, complex terrain; asymmetric conflicts; terrorist tactics  Biggest threat is IED  BUT, Force Protection - by definition - encompasses:  many threats  many situations  many locations

6. 6 Integrated Survivability  Autonomous Survivability (e.g. platform - centred)  synergistic use of balanced, cost-effective protection technologies e.g. for platforms - signature control, DAS, armour  Mission Level Survivability (system - centred)  autonomous platform survivability  collective survivability ensuring mission shared situational awareness, NEC, TTPs grouping sensors with a variety of weapons and decision makers  Survivability traditionally adds weight or displaces capability  novel technologies and techniques looking to break this link  NEC brings opportunities to achieve improved system - level protection  System Engineering is the cornerstone of Integrated Survivability  much more than just the physical integration of protection technologies  Mission level modularity – one size does not fit all !  All DLoD must be considered to achieve optimum solution Future Protection must strike the right balance between platform- and system- centred models

7. 7 Thales Recommended Approach  Sound Systems Engineering, Architecture and Integration philosophy should be core to solving the problem and developing optimised solutions  A systems level approach is required to embody urgent new (UOR) capabilities in a coherent and standardised way.  High risk of incompatibility and conflicts between subsystems (eg Comms and ESM) if ‘stove pipe measures’ are continually retrofitted (eg. ECM)  Thales has developed survivability optimisation and cost effectiveness models and toolsets  State of the Art Physics models,  Synthetic Environment models,  Modelling & Simulation,  Operational Analysis toolsets,  Computer Aided Design tools,  WLC models,  Multi-dimensional decision support tools  Industry can help the Customer to understand the Cost/Benefit tradespace Systems approach key to developing a layered protection system. Thales has experience and knowledge across all layers

8. 8 Examples of Industry Support to Force Protection Example 1 – C4ISTAR Pre-Deployment Training & Mission Rehearsal

9. 9 C4ISTAR Capability Development Evolving Threats in Complex Terrain, coupled with Network Enabled Capability (NEC) requirements, demands new approaches to joint and coalition operations and the execution of synchronised missions C4ISTAR * is a major force multiplier but requires the latest technology and training to deliver optimum results C4ISTAR Capability Development ensures: Right Concepts of Use (CONOPS, TTPs) Right Kit Right Readiness Fewer Surprises *Command, Control, Communication, Computation, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance Force Assembly Infrastructure Equipment Information Logistics Training Tactics ORBAT Personnel Operations Operational Environment Other Organisations Pre-Deployment Evaluate, Train & Test Operational Deployment Warfare Analyses Capability Acquisition Recovery & Lessons Learnt System Specifications System Test & Evaluation Operational Planning Training & Mission Rehearsal Capability Requirements Readiness Test

10. 10 Pre-Deployment Training and Mission Rehearsal Thales has provided geographic- specific PDT & MR Services for UK Forces deploying on operations  3 (UK) Division  12 Mechanised Brigade  HQ FLEET  3 Commando Brigade  Future deployments Real Systems, Personnel & Missions The Thales Service has assisted UK Forces to evaluate specific C4ISTAR Systems:  Mini/Tactical/Operational UAVs  EO/IR, SAR & GMTI*  Electronic Warfare Systems  Vehicle & Hand-held sensors  Command & Control Systems  SATCOM & Datalink Emulation

11. 11 Examples of Industry Support to Force Protection Example 2 – In-Theatre UAV Service Provision

12. 12 UK Watchkeeper Programme  Thales is the Prime Contractor for Watchkeeper – Europe’s largest Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) programme  When deployed in 2010, Watchkeeper will provide UK Forces with accurate, timely, Image Intelligence - 24 hrs a day  Operating in all environments, all types of conflict from peacekeeping to all arms warfare  Integrated with other surveillance, intelligence, communications and effects systems  Interoperable with coalition forces  Rapidly deployable  Sophisticated all-weather sensors for detection, tracking and identification

13. 13 Rapid Provision of Capability Availability-based Service Provision Contract to support current UK Operations Rapid deployment of UAV-based ISTAR capability  Six months from contract to first deployment in theatre “Power by the hour”  Flexible project duration to match operational requirements  Tailored service provision:  Equipment supplied and supported in theatre by contractor  Flexible training  Operational manpower supplied by the Customer  Level of Service  Guaranteed availability  Hours per day/days per week

14. 14 Challenges for Industry Challenges  How to anticipate emerging requirements to focus investment decisions and to build timely supply chain relationships.  How to be responsive to Urgent Operational Requirements, yet deliver optimised “future proof” solutions.  How to deliver enhanced Force Protection capability without reducing operational effectiveness (eg. No increase in Size, Weight and Power, manpower, training burden etc.) ?  How to focus investments on critical sovereign capabilities whilst maintaining a viable export capability ?