1. Applications of Technology
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
Applications of Technology

2. Architecture What is Architecture?
Architecture is the art, science, and profession of
planning, designing, and supervising the
construction of new buildings, landscapes,
communities, and furnishings in their totality,
examining their environment in accordance with
the principles of utility, strength, and aesthetics.

3. Elements of Design
Line
Form & Shape
Space
Color
Texture

4. Lines A point denotes a location in space.
Washington Monument, National Mall
Washington, D.C.

5. Lines When a point is given direction, it becomes a line.
Washington Monument, National Mall
Washington, D.C.

6. Lines Vertical Lines - emphasize height
McGraw Hill Building
Manhattan, NY
Seagrams Building
New York
Represent strength and stability

7. Lines Horizontal Lines - emphasize width
Farnsworth House
Plano, Illinois
Lovell House
Los Angeles California
Horizontal Lines - emphasize width
Represent calmness and relaxation

8. Lines Diagonal Lines - emphasize movement and action Louvre Pyramid
Paris, France
Ribbon House
Argentina
Diagonal Lines - emphasize movement and action

9. Lines
Plaza Lofts
Hyattsville, MD
Heydar Aliyev Center Azerbaijan
Curved Lines- represent freedom; soft, natural, flowing movements

10. Forms and Shapes Shapes are two dimensional and bound by lines
Typical shapes
One-half House John Hejduk

11. Forms and Shapes Shapes are two dimensional and bound by lines
Villa Rotunda Vicenza, Italy
Great Pyramid Vertical Section

12. Forms and Shapes Forms are three dimensional and bound by planes
Planes created from extruding lines
National Assembly Building , Louis Kahn
Bangladesh

13. Forms and Shapes Forms are three dimensional and bound by planes
Family House
Nikaia, Greece
The Ideal House
Claude-Nicolas Ledeoux

14. Space
Positive space vs Negative space

15. Space
Positive space – actual shapes, preferred for social interaction and dwelling
Negative space – created by the placement of figures, promote movement
Figure Ground Map
Washington, D.C.

16. Space Solid vs Void spaces Villa Savoye Paris, France Jubilee Church
Rome, Italy

17. Space
Open space vs Closed space
Farnsworth House
Plano, Illinois

18. Color
Primary Colors

19. Color
Cool Colors
Neutral Colors
Warm Colors

20. Color Tint – degree of lightness of a color
Shades – degree of darkness of a color

21. Color

22. Color

23. Texture Rough textures – tend to absorb light Wood Concrete Burlap
Stone

24. Texture Rough textures – tend to absorb light Native American Museum
Washington, D.C.

25. Texture Smooth textures – tend to reflect light Stainless Steel Marble
Glass

26. Texture Smooth textures – tend to reflect light
Walt Disney Concert Hall
Los Angeles, CA
City Hall, Greater London Authority
London, England

27. Classwork
List at least two elements used in the pictures below and explain how these elements are used in the design in the building. 1 2 3