2. UNDP RBEC Regional Centre Engendering the Localizing Sustainable Development Projects in Western-Balkan Countries and CIS Dono Abdurazakova, Regional Gender Adviser Bratislava, 12 September 2003

3. Long-term objective: socially just and sustainable society by ensuring:   balanced participation between men and women;   that gender issues are integrated into decision-making, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of localized Sustainable Development initiatives.

4. Gender mainstreaming is… “… the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies or programmes, in all areas and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality.” The Report of the Economic and Social Council for 1997. United Nations, 1997.

5. Gender mainstreaming is… … a strategy that considers a gender perspective as an integral part of activities and decision-making to identify where specific measures are needed most, for greater and long-lasting impact

6. Gender mainstreaming … ….Is a strategy, not a goal. The goal is gender equality

7. Gender mainstreaming … 1. No longer viewed as a separate issue 2. Requires thorough and rigorous analysis of the situation 3. Doesn’t mean that gender-specific intervention are abandoned!

8. Gender equality All human beings are free to develop their personal abilities and make choices w/o the limitations set by gender roles Aspirations and needs of women and men are equally valued and favoured

9. ARGUMENTATION: human rights issue  credibility issue  efficiency issue  pre-condition and pre-requisite for successful local development strategies

10. Conceptual framework & international obligations 1.The Beijing Platform for Action 2.Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

11. No more ‘why’ but ‘HOW’ to integrate Gender? No ready-made recipe, but need for adaptation to the specific needs of each policy area; Tips: the earlier conducted, the better results at the end and more space to introduce changes

12. Ensure the Following Steps: Availability of information and sex disaggregated data is one of the principal pre-requisites; Availability of information and sex disaggregated data is one of the principal pre-requisites; Expertise in the gender relations and policies on equality needed; Expertise in the gender relations and policies on equality needed; Based on the first two steps, move with the preparation of a check list to ask the right questions Based on the first two steps, move with the preparation of a check list to ask the right questions

13. Step one Outline the current position of men & women in the area which this policy proposal will address: Who are beneficiaries? How many women, men? What data source is used to determine these figures? Are there differences in situation of women and men in this sector/area ( in terms of access to resources, participation, norms and values, rights, etc)? Is opinion of women and men is taken into account from the point of costs, benefits, acceptance, advantages and utility? Who are beneficiaries? How many women, men? What data source is used to determine these figures? Are there differences in situation of women and men in this sector/area ( in terms of access to resources, participation, norms and values, rights, etc)? Is opinion of women and men is taken into account from the point of costs, benefits, acceptance, advantages and utility?

14. Step Two What factors lead to women and men being affected differently in the area being addressed by this policy proposal? · Identify the factors which lead to the differential impact on women and men · Identify the factors which lead to the differential impact on women and men · What are the final costs (both financial and human) paid by women and men if this policy is adopted? · What are the final costs (both financial and human) paid by women and men if this policy is adopted? What benefits (material or other) the decision will bring to women and men? What benefits (material or other) the decision will bring to women and men? · What implications will be for everyday life of certain group(s) of women or men? · What implications will be for everyday life of certain group(s) of women or men?

15. Step Three How can the factors which lead to women or men being affected differentially be addressed and changed? How can the policy proposal respond to the factors identified in Step 2? How can the policy proposal respond to the factors identified in Step 2? What actions are proposed in this regard? What actions are proposed in this regard? What are the long lasting effects/impact in case of failure of the proposed policy? What are the long lasting effects/impact in case of failure of the proposed policy?

16. Tools and Resources developed at the UNDP RBEC Regional Centre, Bratislava: Gender Mainstreaming in Practice: A HandbookGender Mainstreaming in Practice: A Handbook Drafting Gender-Aware Legislation:How to Promote and Protect Gender Equality in the Central and Eastern Europe and in the CIS Available at on-line, at UNDP RBEC Gender Virtual Gender Library, http://gender.undp.sk

17. Are there gender issues in the region? The suicide rates (up 90%), committed by men in some parts of the region are highest in the world; The suicide rates (up 90%), committed by men in some parts of the region are highest in the world; High life expectancy gaps; High life expectancy gaps; High educational level of women combined with their low representation at all levels of decision-making High educational level of women combined with their low representation at all levels of decision-making

18. Women’s average monthly income as percentage of men’s Albania87 % ;B&Hn/a Bulgarian/a ;Croatian/a Romania80 % ;Turkeyn/a Serbia& Montenegro79% Source: UNDP/UNECE Gender statistics website http://www.unece.org

19. Working population CountryYear% women% men Albania199938%62% B&HN/a Bulgaria199847%53% Croatia199946%54% FYROM199839%61% Romania199846%54% Turkey199931%69% S&M199942%58% Source: UNDP/UNECE Gender statistics website http://www.unece.org

20. Seats in parliament CountryYear% women% men Albania20016%94% B&H200217%83% Bulgaria200226%74% Croatia200221%79% FYROM200218%82% Romania200211%89% Turkey20024%96% S&M20027%93% Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union, http://www.ipu.org

21. SUGGESTED ENTRY- POINTS for LoSD:

22. (1) sub-regional advocacy workshop :  Suggest gender- balanced representation;  Suggest gender- balanced representation;  Include a separate session for gender sensitisation and awareness raising on the need to integrate gender if local development strategies intend to be successful;  Include a separate session for gender sensitisation and awareness raising on the need to integrate gender if local development strategies intend to be successful;  Ensure that other sessions do not perpetuate existing gender inequalities and traditional distribution of gender roles;  Ensure that other sessions do not perpetuate existing gender inequalities and traditional distribution of gender roles;  Search and bring successful examples of mainstreamed from gender perspective local development strategies developed through participatory methods (gender budgets).  Search and bring successful examples of mainstreamed from gender perspective local development strategies developed through participatory methods (gender budgets).

23. (1) Training for Local Action Groups: (1) Training for Local Action Groups: Preparation of Situation Assessment  Ensure that Gender analysis is a part of overall methodology(s);  Gender expert is part of the team;  Questionnaires include gender specific questions  Interviews target equally women and men in balanced manner, to reflect their views

24. Pilot strategy development for and with participation of the LAG-s As strategy will be developed in a participatory manner, special efforts should apply to ensure that women and men represented equally; As strategy will be developed in a participatory manner, special efforts should apply to ensure that women and men represented equally; and the environment enables them to participate and provide meaningful input; and the environment enables them to participate and provide meaningful input; Not only special elements dedicated to gender in the strategies, tools for achieving the strategy, and appropriate action plans, but overall goal mainstreamed. Not only special elements dedicated to gender in the strategies, tools for achieving the strategy, and appropriate action plans, but overall goal mainstreamed.