1. What caused the Fall of Rome?

2. The Byzantine Empire

3.  Eastern Roman Empire  Roman emperor, Constantine, move the empire to Byzantium.  Byzantium was renamed Constantinople  Later renamed Istanbul by the Turks…  Lasted about 1000 years longer than the Western Roman Empire  Ruler was an absolute ruler: most famous was Justinian  Justinian Code  Laws about Marriage, slavery, property, women’s rights, and criminal justice

4. Differences Divide Christianity  The Church Splits  In 1054 the church split  West is known as the Roman Catholic Church and the church in the east is the Eastern Orthodox Church

5. Problems in the Churches  As the Byzantine Empire split, it affected Christianity  East and West couldn’t agree on the authority of the emperor  East had an emperor and the west didn’t  Pope claimed more authority  Byzantine emperors considered themselves the largest authority  Delegates of the pope attempted to remove the Eastern head of the church  The Eastern church refused  In 1054, the churches officially split

6. The Byzantine Empire Collapses  After Justinian’s death in 565, the empire suffered riots, battles, and disease  Also faced attacks from Slavic people, Persians, and Arabs  This caused civil wars and attacks by the Turks and Serbs  The Empire was severely weakened  Finally in 1453 the Turks overtook the capital and the Byzantine Empire fell

7. The Legacy of Rome  Culture  Roman culture was based on strength, loyalty, and practicality  Art  Mosaics  Pictures were made by placing small, colored pieces of stone, tile, or glass on a surface  Often found in churches  Sculpture  Realistic, not perfect bodies like the Greeks

8. The Legacy of Rome  Literature  Wrote poems about hero’s adventures  Wrote about their philosophies and other ideas such as virtue and duties  Language  Latin  “Romantic” languages are languages spoken in countries once ruled by Rome

9. The Legacy of Rome  Architecture  Columns, pediments, and proportionality  Arches and domes  Coliseums  Other buildings are influenced by their architecture  Concrete  Lightweight and strong  Aqueducts  Roads  Paving stones

10. The Legacy of Rome  Religion and laws  Spreading Christianity  Missionaries converted people in the empire  When Western Roman Empire fell, Christianity continued to prosper  Germanic Queens and Kings became Christians as Christianity spread to the East  Laws stressed fairness, equality, and innocence until proven guilty  Many countries use these same ideas in their laws  Representative government  Created a Senate