1. TRAFFIC CONGESTION

2. The Impact of Traffic Why has traffic in urban areas increased? What are the damaging effects of increased traffic in urban areas? How can transport systems in urban areas be managed to reduce the damaging effects of increased traffic?

3. Why has traffic in urban areas increased? More People More disposable income - increased car ownership Commuters - Work, shopping, entertainment Reduction in use of public transport Increased amount of road freight

4. What are the damaging effects of increased traffic? Environmental Economic Social

5. Air pollution from exhausts Noise pollution Visual pollution of motorways Loss of land Environmental

6. Economic Congestion Cost of building and maintaining roads Use of non-renewable resources Cost of petrol Loss of work time Goods delayed

7. Social Danger of accidents Health problems Destruction of property Damage to foundations Overcrowding on public transport