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Published byMitchell Johnston Modified over 9 years ago
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The Vicious Cycle of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
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Spironolactone
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Overflow and Underfilling Hypotheses of Sodium and Water Retention in Cirrhosis
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PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL VASODILATION HYPOTHESIS Peripheral Arterial Vasodilation Plasma Hormones (AVP, Renin, Aldosterone, NE) Plasma Volume COMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS (No Ascites) DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS (Ascites) Hepatorenal Syndrome Normal
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Hypothalamic AVP-mRNA of Control and Cirrhotic Rats
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“I have ascites and have desire for water, Although I know this water will kill me.” Rami (1226-1294 A.D.)
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Effects of Non-Peptide AVP Antagonist in Liver Cirrhosis
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Effect of V1-Vasopressin Antagonist on Arterial Blood Pressure in Experimental Cirrhosis in Rats
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ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISM PROMOTES WEIGHT LOSS AND DISAPPEARANCE OF ASCITES IN DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS PARAMETER Death Weight loss (lb) Disappearance of ascites CONTROL (n-22) 7 6 + 2 4 SPIRONOLACTONE (n=21) 5 24 + 4 16 CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS Gregory et al., 1977
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Increased Distal Tubular Sodium Delivery with Mannitol Resulted in a Marked Natriuresis During ANP Infusion
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Urinary cGMP Increased Significantly During ANP and ANP + Mannitol
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Distal Sodium Delivery During Mannitol and ANP + Mannitol in Cirrhotic Patients
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Mean Arterial Pressure is Increased by Immersion Plus Norepinephrine but not by Immersion Alone
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Effect of Increased Arterial Circulatory Integrity to Normalize Renal Water Excretion in Decompensated Cirrhotic Patients
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Correlation Between Increase in Systemic Vascular Resistance and an Increase in Water Excretion in Cirrhotic Patients
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Effects of Terlipressin and Albumin on Renal Function in Hepatrorenal Syndrome
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Cirrhosis – Arterial Underfilling – Ascites
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Effect of Chronic NOS Inhibition on Systemic Vascular Resistance in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Effect of NOS Inhibition for 7 Days on eNOS Protein Expression in Aortas and Mesenteric Arteries in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Effect of Chronic NO Synthesis Inhibition on Aortic cGMP in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Effect of NOS Inhibition for 7 Days on Plasma Arginine Vasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Effect of NOS Inhibition for 7 Days on Water Excretion in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Effect of NOS Inhibition for 7 Days on Plasma Renin Activity and Aldosterone in Cirrhotic Rats with Ascites
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Sodium Excretion is Increased by Chronic L-Name Treatment in Cirrhotic Rats
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Changes in Systemic Hemodynamic s and Plasma Volume During Pregnancy
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Chronic L-NAME Treatment in Day 14 Pregnant Rats Returns Cardiac Output and SVR to Nonpregnant Levels
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Chronic L-NAME Treatment in Day 14 Pregnant Rats Returns GFR and RPF to Nonpregnant Levels
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Protein Expression of AQP 2 in Pregnancy
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Effect of Vehicle and V2 Antagonist on Water Balance in Pregnant Rats
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF WATER METABOLISM IN EDEMATOUS DISORDERS NON-OSMOTIC VASOPRESSIN RELEASE VASOPRESSIN V2 RECEPTOR AQUAPORIN-2 INCREASED WATER PERMEABILITY OF COLLECTING DUCT WATER RETENTION CONGESTIVE CARDIAC FAILURE CARDIAC OUTPUT CIRRHOSIS PERIPHERAL VASODILATION PREGNANCY V2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST Nitric Oxide
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