1. Loads on Structures – Part 1

2.  Dead loads  Live loads  Dynamic loads  Environmental loads  Other loads

3.  Relatively constant over time  Weight of structure  Weight of immovable fixtures such as walls, carpets, cabinets, etc.  Aka Permanent loads Dead load

4.  Temporary, short duration, or moving loads  Dynamic loads, may involve considerations such as impact, momentum, vibration, slosh dynamics of fluids, fatigue  Change relatively slowly  Include all forces that are variable within the normal life cycle not including construction or environment Imposed load

5.  Change value rapidly or abruptly  Gust of wind or dropped object on floor  May be dangerous or catastrophic if they exceed load capacities of structure  Many times the load of a slowly applied force  Can be a static or dynamic load  Period of building oscillations

6.  Act as a result of: Weather, Typography, Natural phenomena  Wind loads  Snow, rain and ice loads  Seismic loads  Ponding loads  Loads from fluids or floods  Dust loads  Lateral pressure of soil, ground water or bulk materials Live snow load  Temperature changes leading to thermal expansion cause thermal loads

7.  Support settlement or displacement  Fire  Corrosion  Explosion  Creep or shrinkage  Impact from vehicles or machinery  Loads during construction

9.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_load http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_load  ASCE/SEI 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures. American Society of Civil Engineers. 2006. pp. 1. ISBN 0- 7844-0809-2.ISBN0- 7844-0809-2  "1604.2". International Building Code. USA: International Code Council. 2000. p. 295. ISBN 1-892395-26-6. ISBN1-892395-26-6