1. Do you know the answers?  What is the salinity of water? the amount of salt dissolved in the water  Why is salinity important? if the salinity is too high or too low it will effect the biotic factors of an ecosystem

2. Human! The Natural Bridge was a sacred site of the Native American Monacan tribe here in Virginia.Native AmericanMonacan http://studyjams.sch olastic.com/studyjam s/jams/science/rocks- minerals- landforms/weatherin g-and-erosion.htm

3. Weathering  The breakdown of the materials of Earth’s crust into smaller pieces.

4. Physical Weathering  Process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by external conditions.  Types:  Frost breaking rock  Plant roots  Friction and impact  Burrowing of animals  Temperature changes

5. Frost Wedging

6. Frost Heaving

7. Plant Roots

8. Friction and Repeated Impact

9. Burrowing of Animals

10. Temperature Changes

11. Chemical Weathering  The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.  Types:  Water dissolving  Oxygen  Carbon dioxide  Living organisms (urine) or dead decomposing  Acid rain

12. Water  Water weathers rock by dissolving it

13. Oxygen  Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water  The product of oxidation is rust

14. Carbon Dioxide  CO 2 dissolves in rain water and creates carbonic acid  Carbonic acid easily weathers limestone and marble

15. Living Organisms  Lichens that grow on rocks produce weak acids that chemically weather rock

16. Acid Rain  Compounds from burning coal, oil and gas react chemically with water forming acids.  Acid rain causes very rapid chemical weathering

17. Karst Topography  A type of landscape in rainy regions that causes caves, sinkholes, and disappearing streams.  Created by chemical weathering of limestone

18. Example of Karst: Sinkholes http://pbskids.org/dragonflytv/show/sinkhole s.html

19. Example of Karst: Caves

20. Example of Karst: Disappearing Streams

21. Erosion  movement of rocks and soil by water, wind, or ice.

22. Water Erosion  Rivers, streams, and runoff

23. Mass Movements  Landslides, mudslides, slump and creep http://video.nationalg eographic.com/video/ 101-videos/landslides

24. Ice Erosion  Glaciers

25. Wind Erosion http://pbskids.org/dragonflytv/ show/sand_dunes.html

26. 1.) FOLLOW all directions 2.) work with YOUR group 3.) write down you very BEST answer 4.) CLEAN UP your lab station 5.) Turn in to the “IN BOX” 6.) pick up homework – you may start it