1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS USES LIGHT ENERGY TO MAKE FOOD
CHAPTER 8.1
PHOTOSYNTHESIS USES LIGHT ENERGY TO MAKE FOOD

2. THE STRUCTURE OF CHLOROPLAST
Chloroplast- the organelle in plants where photosynthesis takes place
Chlorophyll- chemical compound that gives plants the green color

4. THE STRUCTURE OF CHLOROPLAST
Mesophyll- inner layer of tissue in a leaf
Stomata- pores (openings), CO2 enters and O2 leaves
Veins- carry water, nutrients, and organic molecules

7. THE STRUCTURE OF CHLOROPLAST
Stroma- thick fluid inside the chloroplast
Thylakoid- disc shaped sacs
Granum- stack of thylakoids

8. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Two stages
Light Reactions
Calvin Cycle

10. THE LIGHT REACTIONS Converts the energy in sunlight to chemical energy
Steps:
1) Chlorophyll molecules trap light energy
2) Water is broken down
3) O2 is released through stomata
4) H+ ions are used to make ATP and NADPH

11. CALVIN CYCLE Makes sugar from CO2 and hydrogen ions from NADPH and ATP
Light independent reaction

12. CLASSWORK/exit slip
1. Draw and label a simple diagram of a chloroplast that includes the following structures: outer and inner membranes, stroma, thylakoids. 2. What are the reactants for photosynthesis? What are the products? 3. Name the two main stages of photosynthesis. How are the two stages related?

13. THE LIGHT REACTIONS CONVERT LIGHT ENERGY TO CHEMICAL ENERGY
CHAPTER 8.2
THE LIGHT REACTIONS CONVERT LIGHT ENERGY TO CHEMICAL ENERGY

14. LIGHT ENERGY AND PIGMENTS
Sunlight is a form of electromagnetic energy
Electromagnetic energy travels in waves
Wavelength- the distance between two waves

15. LIGHT ENERGY AND PIGMENTS
Electromagnetic Spectrum- range of wavelengths

16. PIGMENTS AND COLOR
Pigment- a chemical compound that determines a substances color
Absorbed
Transmitted
Reflected

17. HARVESTING LIGHT ENERGY
Photosystem- a cluster of chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane

19. CHEMICAL PRODUCTS OF THE LIGHT REACTIONS
First PS (PSII) is known as the water-splitting photosystem
Breaks down H2O
Waste products
Oxygen
Hydrogen Ions

20. CHEMICAL PRODUCTS OF THE LIGHT REACTIONS
ETC connects the two photosystems
Makes ATP

21. CHEMICAL PRODUCTS OF THE LIGHT REACTIONS
Second PS (PSI) is known as the NADPH producing photosystem

22. END PRODUCTS
ATP
NADPH
Oxygen

23. CLASSWORK Explain why a leaf appears green.
Describe what happens when a molecule of chlorophyll a absorbs light.
Besides oxygen, what two molecules are produced by the light reactions?
Where in the chloroplast do the light reactions take place?

24. THE CALVIN CYCLE MAKES SUGAR
CHAPTER 8.3
THE CALVIN CYCLE MAKES SUGAR

25. A TRIP AROUND THE CALVIN CYCLE
Inputs
ATP
NADPH
CO2
Outputs
Sugar

27. SUMMARY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CO2 + H2O + SUN --> C6H12O6 + O2
Light reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane
Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma

29. PHOTOSYNTHESIS HAS A GLOBAL IMPACT
CHAPTER 8.4
PHOTOSYNTHESIS HAS A GLOBAL IMPACT

30. THE CARBON CYCLE
The process by which carbon moves from inorganic to organic compounds and back

32. PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND GLOBAL CLIMATE
Greenhouse Effect- the process when the earths gases (CO2) trap in heat and will not allow it to escape

33. CLASSWORK
8.3
1. What are the inputs and outputs of the Calvin cycle? 2. Which stage of photosynthesis uses each reactant from the overall photosynthesis equation? Which stage generates each product from the overall photosynthesis equation? 3. Why is the Calvin cycle called a cycle? 4. What molecule is the direct product of photosynthesis? How is that molecule then used by plant cells?

34. 8.4
1. Give an example of carbon moving from an inorganic compound to an organic compound in the carbon cycle. Give an example of carbon moving from an organic to an inorganic compound. 2. How is carbon dioxide important to Earth's climate?