2. Light + 6 CO 2 + 2H 2 0 → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 60 2

3. Step 1: Trap energy from Sunlight

4. Absorb certain wavelengths of light while reflecting others. Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Accessory pigments

5. Light-dependent reactions Light-independent reactions

6. Plants use electron carriers to transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. NADP + (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a carrier molecule. NADP + picks up two high-energy electrons, along with a hydrogen ion (H + ). It is then converted into NADPH. The NADPH can then carry the high-energy electrons to be used in chemical reactions elsewhere in the cell.

7. Light dependent reactions: Light dependent water is split NADPH and ATP are produced (Step 2)

11. Light Independent Reactions – Calvin Cycle

12. Calvin Cycle (light-indep rxns) Carbon fixation

13. Step 3: With CO 2, convert temporary chemical energy into organic compounds (glucose).

14. http://faculty.nl.edu/jste/calvin_cycle.htm

16. Factors that Affect the Rate Photosynthesis

17. Using glucose and oxygen to make ATP for the cell’s metabolism.

19. Overview of Cell Respiration

20. Anaerobic Occurs in the cytoplasm Glucose is converted to two pyruvic molecules with the help of 2 ATP Net yield of 2 ATP are made 2NADH are also produced

22. Products: 2 Pyruvic Acid 2 NADH 2 ATP

23. Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

24.  Occurs in the mitochondria  Oxygen is required for reaction to occur  Pyruvic acid is needed from glycolysis  Enzyme-directed reactions which produce CO 2, ATP, FADH 2 and NADH NAD NADH

25. How many times does the Kreb cycle go around for one glucose molecule? How much ATP is produced in this cycle? How much ATP has been produced so far with Krebs and Glycolysis?

27. Electron Transport Chain Aerobic All NADH and FADH 2 produced gives up their electrons to a series of electron accepting proteins. Main production of ATP occurs here.

29. Synthesis of ATP in ETC

31. Example of Anaerobic Respiration