1. CPLD 1.1 ©Paul R. Godin Last Mod: Dec 2013 prgodin @ gmail.com

2. CPLD 1.2 CPLDs Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs) are digital devices that can be programmed with digital logic functions. The functions are designed using a software application and uploaded to the chip.

3. CPLD 1.3 CPLDs The programmed logic functions may be relatively simple or complex. Many aspects of the VHDL programming language resembles other programming languages. The graphic editors resemble Electronics WorkBench / MultiSIM.

4. CPLD 1.4 Programmable Logic First introduced in the 70’s, programmable devices fall into several families of devices:  PLA (Programmable Logic Array)  PAL (Programmable Array Logic)  GAL (Generic Array Logic)  SPLD (Simple Programmable Logic Device)  CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) popular  FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) very popular Embedded systems are another group of programmable devices but include more complex elements such as a microprocessor. Examples include microcontrollers and complete systems such as portable telephones, music players, vehicle computers, etc. Semester 3 and 4 will address embedded systems.

5. CPLD 1.5 Terminology Many earlier devices were OTP (One-Time Programmable). The PAL (Programmable Array Logic) is this type of device. Today, most of the CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices) and FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) are re-programmable.

6. CPLD 1.6

7. CPLD 1.7 Reduced circuit board space utilization, and significant cost savings A low-end 44-pin CPLD is equivalent to 600 gates Some CPLDs have gate equivalents in the millions and over 324 pins Advantage #1:

8. CPLD 1.8 Advantage #2: Easiest to modify a circuit’s functions  Modify the software to modify the hardware

9. CPLD 1.9 Advantage #3: Direct entry of conceptual design into a functional circuit Streamlined design to prototype process

10. CPLD 1.10 Advantage #4: Transportable design  As a designer you may easily exchange your designs and design modifications (email, CD, web site, etc…). People separated by distance may work together on the same design.

11. CPLD 1.11 Advantage #5 and #6: Universal inventory, as one IC can be programmed for various applications Easy to duplicate Design

12. CPLD 1.12 Re-programmability  CPLD can be reprogrammed hundreds of times. Advantage #7: Design 1 Design 2 Design 3

13. CPLD 1.13 Software and Language  Manufacturers of CPLDs supply design software (basic software is often offered as a free download for students)  VHDL is a standards-based language that most manufacturers conform to (although there are 2 standards). Advantage #8:

14. CPLD 1.14 Advantage #9 and #10: Simple Interface  Devices can be interfaced directly to a computer with a serial, parallel or USB connection. In-circuit modifications  With the proper interface connections, the CPLD logic can be edited (reprogrammed) in- circuit.

15. CPLD 1.15 Advantage #11: Package options  Number of I/Os: CPLDs can have large amounts of programmable input/output contacts.  Capacity: CPLDs can be selected based on programming capacity.

16. CPLD 1.16

17. CPLD 1.17 Basic Architecture Y=ABC+ABC+ABC CPLDs are comprised of SPLDs. SPLDs are an SOP-style of programmable devices SOP (Sum Of Products) takes the form

18. CPLD 1.18 Basic Architecture Programmable Sum-Of-Products  Has basic make/break connection logic Each intersect is either connected or disconnected to make up the SOP connections.

19. CPLD 1.19 Basic Architecture Example of an SOP connection: What is the Boolean Expression for this circuit? (go back 2 slides)

20. CPLD 1.20 Programmability  The devices vary by their complexity and their programmability/re-programmability.  The node connections are make internally during the programming process. Basic Architecture

21. CPLD 1.21 Basic Architecture (SPLD) In AND ArrayOR Array Out Depending on the device, the above blocks may be fixed, programmable or re-programmable.

22. CPLD 1.22 The CPLD The Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) consists of arrays of Simple Programmable Logic Devices. These SPLD are interconnected with a Programmable Interface Array (PIA). Additional elements in a CPLD include flip-flops and directional control.

23. CPLD 1.23 Basic Architecture (CPLD) PIA (Programmable Interconnect Array) LAB (Logic Array Block) LAB (Logic Array Block) LAB (Logic Array Block) LAB (Logic Array Block) I/O

24. CPLD 1.24 Manufacturers CPLDs are manufactured by several companies including:  Altera  Atmel  Cypress  Texas Instruments  Xilinx All utilize similar internal configurations but require proprietary software to compile and update the devices.

25. CPLD 1.25 Altera Altera (www.altera.com) is one of the leaders in the CPLD marketplace.www.altera.com Altera offers a great range of CPLDs, FPGAs and other programmable devices. Products range from the MAX series (basic CPLD) to newer products that contain embedded microprocessors.

26. CPLD 1.26 End of CPLD Intro ©Paul R. Godin prgodin @ gmail.com 7H