1. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Feudal
Japan
By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

2. Yamato Period: 300-710 “Great Kings” era
Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture:
Confucianism.
Language (kanji characters).
Buddhist sects.
Chinese art & architecture.
Government structure.
“Great Kings” era

3. Prince Shotoku: 573-621 Adopted Chinese culture and Confucianism.
Buddhist sects allowed to develop.
Created a new government structure:
17 Article Constitution in 604. 

4. Heian Period: 794-1156 Characteristics:
Growth of large landed estates.
Arts & literature of China flourished.
Elaborate court life [highly refined]
ETIQUETTE. 
Personal diaries
The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c]
Great novel
The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] 
Moving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government. 

5. Heian Period: Cultural Borrowing
Chinese writing.
Chinese artistic styles.
Buddhism [in the form of ZEN].
BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 

6. Heian Court Dress

7. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

8. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

9. Tale of Genji (first novel)

10. Tale of Genji Scroll (first novel)

11. Lady Murasaki Shikibu
She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

12. Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333
Minamoto Yoritomo
Founded the Kamakura Shogunate:

13. The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!
Feudal Society

14. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service Japan:
Shogun
Land - Shoen
Loyalty
Land - Shoen
Daimyo
Daimyo
Loyalty
Samurai
Samurai
Samurai
Food
Protection
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant

15. Code of Bushido
Fidelity
Politeness
Virility
Simplicity

16. Seppuku: Ritual Suicide
It is honorable to die in this way.
Kaishaku – his “seconds”

17. Full Samurai Attire

18. Samurai Sword

19. Early Mounted Samurai Warriors

20. Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense
A COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume
A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

21. BILLOWING PANTALOONS,worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement
AN EXQUISITE BROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14th Century imperial prince
STURDY SHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front

22. Samurai Charging

23. Modern-Day “Samurai Warriors”

24. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service Europe:
King
Land - Fief
Loyalty
Land - Fief
Lord
Lord
Loyalty
Knight
Knight
Knight
Food
Protection
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant

25. Code of Chivalry Justice Loyalty Defense Courage Faith Humility
Nobility

26. Medieval Warriors
vs.
European knight
Samurai Warrior

27. Medieval Warriors
vs.
Knight’s Armor
Samurai Armor

28. Zen Buddhism
A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism, which came from India through China.
It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

29. 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.
Mongol “Invasions” of Japan
4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

30. Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573 Shoguns fought for power. Laws are unclear.
Less efficient than the Kamakura.
Armies of samurai protected the country. 

31. C A S T L E S

32. Osaka Castle

33. Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

34. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

35. Warwick Castle, England

36. R O E N S

37. The Age of the Warring States: (1467 - 1568)
Castles built on hills in different provinces.
Power shifts from above to below.
Europeans arrive in Japan  bringing firearms & Christianity.
Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

38. Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) Banishes the last Ashikaga shogun.
Unifies a large part of Japan.

39. Catholic Jesuits in Japan
St. Francis Xavier [First Catholic Missionaries in Asia]

40. Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598)
Becomes suspicious of European territorial ambitions.
Orders all European missionaries expelled from Japan. 
Tries to invade Korea, but fails.

41. First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in Nagasaki Today

42. Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) Appointed shogun by the Emperor.
Four-class system laid down with marriage restricted to members of the same class! 
Warriors.
Farmers.
Artisans.
Merchants.

43. Tokugawa Shogunate Period
Japan closed off to all trade [except to the Dutch and Chinese]. 
The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor.
Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden.
The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun.
Domestic trade flourishes.
Towns, esp. castle towns, increase.
Merchant class becomes rich! 
New art forms  haiku poetry, kabuki theater.