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Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation Daniel K. LapsleyMichael Earley Ball State University O’Dea High School Nathan M. Dumford.

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Presentation on theme: "Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation Daniel K. LapsleyMichael Earley Ball State University O’Dea High School Nathan M. Dumford."— Presentation transcript:

1 Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation Daniel K. LapsleyMichael Earley Ball State University O’Dea High School Nathan M. Dumford Miami University SRA 2006 San Francisco

2 Narcissism has “two faces” Narcissism as adaptation  narcissism as defensive compensatory stance that helps adolescents cope with sep-ind  narcissism supports self-extension, ambition, creativity, growth Narcissism as self-pathology or personality disorder

3 The study of adolescent narcissism requires new assessment strategies Three studies chart development of a theoretically-derived adolescent narcissism scale

4 Theoretical Considerations Adolescent narcissism emerges for good developmental reasons to cope with self-vulnerabilities that attend separation-individuation subjective omnipotence

5 Narcissistic omnipotence… …”denotes a defensive and reactive heightening of self-esteem to cope with inner feelings of low self-worth, depressive mood and empty feelings” --Sarnoff (1987)

6 Study 1 examined relationship between subjective omnipotence (personal fable) and narcissism (NPI) risk behavior internalizing symptoms positive adjustment

7 Study 1 Participants 222 8 th -graders (101 males, M age = 13.39) 142 10 th -graders (72 males, M age = 15.43) 102 12 th -graders (46 males, M age = 17.45) N = 467

8 Study 1 Omnipotence (α =.79) NPI (α =.83) Internalizing Symptoms  Children’s Depression Inventory (α = =.86)  CES-D suicidal ideation (α =.86) Risk Behavior  Rowe: “Delinquent” risk behavior (α =.92)  Substance use (α = =.74) Positive adjustment  SIQYA: Mastery Coping (α =.76)  SIQYA: Superior Adjustment (α =.70)

9 Internalizing SymptomsOmnipotenceNPI Depression-.53-.28 Suicidal Ideation-.37-.17 Risk Behavior ns.23 Substance Use-.11ns Positive Adjustment Mastery Coping.55.43 Superior Adjustment.52.45 Narcissism (NPI).65--

10 Omnipotence strongly associated with mastery coping and adjustment counterindicates depression counterindicates suicidal ideation converges with NPI narcissism sex effect (favoring males)

11 Study 2 standard scale development procedures yields 33 item scale EFA 228 undergraduates  (73 males, M age = 21.85) 3 factors retained  scree and parallel analysis criteria  40% of the variance

12 Three Factors Omnipotent Action/Control  “Everybody knows that I am in charge”  12 items (α =.85) Omnipotent Leadership  “I would make a great leader because of my abilities”  13 items (α =.83) Omnipotent Influence  “I influence how others behave”  7 items (α =.80)

13 Other Measures CES-Depression Adolescent Invulnerability Scale Delinquent Risk Behavior

14 OmnipotenceNPI ActionLeadershipInfluence Risk Behavior.16.13.31.39 Depressionns-.21ns-.19 Invulnerability.26.14.35 NPI Narcissism.44.57.40--

15 Summary Omnipotence scales converge with NPI- Narcissism Omnipotence scales show differential relationship with risk behavior and depressive symptoms

16 Study 3 Document convergent validity in younger sample (using NPI-C) Distinguish adolescent narcissism from self- worth Explore relationship between narcissism and separation-individuation

17 Study Details N = 142 males (M age ) = 16 Instruments  Adolescent Omnipotence Scale Action (α =.83) Leadership (α =.80) Influence (α =.80)  Narcissistic Personality Inventory-C (α =.86)  Self-Perception Profile (α’s =.53 to.85)  Dysfunctional Separation-Individuation Self Dysfunctional S-I (α =.68) Relational Dysfunctional S-I (α =.73)  Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents Mastery Coping (α =.76) Superior Adjustment (α =.79)

18 Omnipotence Scales LeadershipActionInfluence NPI-C.64.61.51 Vanity.29.32.27 Authority.66.60.52 Exhibitionism.33.23.26 Superiority.39.41.23 Entitlement.18.29.24 Exploitativeness.41.39.41 Self-Sufficiency.53.39

19 Omnipotence Scales NPI-CLeadershipActionInfluence Mastery Coping.19.30ns Superior Adjustment.26.44.29.27 Dysfunctional Sep-Ind ns.20 Self Dysfunctional Sep-Ind -.31-.19ns Relational Dysfunctional Sep-Ind ns.17.29

20 Omnipotence Scales Self-WorthNPI-CLeadershipActionInfluence Romantic-.36-.42-.40-.36 Social-.26-.34ns-.31 Athletic-.32-.29ns Conscience/ Moral ns-.23-.21ns Appearance -.20ns

21 Summary Omnipotence converges with narcissism omnipotence scales associated with indices of positive adjustment are related to dysfunctional sep-ind counterindicate self-worth in test of means:  younger Ss more feelings of subjective omnipotence than older Ss

22 General Conclusions theoretically-derived and reliable measure of adolescent narcissism  factors converge with NPI and NPI-C  predict adolescent risk behavior  counterindicates internalizing affect  positively associated with mastery coping and adjustment which may be compensatory  association with dysfunctional sep-ind  low scores on several dimensions of self-worth

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