1. The Frontier of Texas

2. Frontier Settlements

3. Frontier Settlements Conflicts with Native Americans developed and increased over time The Native Americans were pushed farther west. US Soldiers were brought in to help defend the Texans from raids

4. Comanche Camp Photo by William S. Soule, courtesy Wichita State University Library, A. A. Hyde Collection

5. Medicine Lodge Treaty Treaty – a formal agreement between two nations. Native Americans agreed to move onto reservations Agreed to stop raiding white settlements Many Native Americans disagreed with this treaty and peace did not come.

7. Frontier Wars Fighting continued in TX and leaders emerged Gen Sherman fought Comanches and Kiowas. Quanah Parker – Comanche Warrior and leader Lone Wolf – Kiowa leader

8. Frontier Wars Red River War – Quanah Parker and Lone Wolf led an attack against hunters at Adobe Walls. - Parker eventually surrendered. Buffalo Soldiers- African American soldiers assigned to run the Apaches further West out of Texas to a reservation in Arizona. Many treaties were formed to try and maintain peace, but few held up.

9. The real price of Buffalo hides

10. Buffalo All parts of the buffalo were used by Native Americans. Never killed more buffalo than needed. Texans/Americans killed many buffalo to help wipe out the food supply of the Native Americans.

11. Effects of Over hunting – only 9 buffalo left in US

12. Frontier Settlers

13. PowerPoint Quiz What Native American Tribe posed the most threat to Texas settlers? List two effects that over hunting had on Native Americans? In what ways did Anglos defend themselves against the raids of the Native Americans?

14. PowerPoint Quiz What is a treaty? What is a buffalo soldier? Name one of the Native American Chiefs that raided Adobe Walls? Where were the Native Americans forced to live when their land was taken from them?