1. Bumelia lanuginose (Michx.)

2.  Kingdom-Plantae (Plants)  Subkingdom- Trachebionta (Vascular)  Superdivision- Spermatophyta (Seed)  Division- Magnoliophyta (Flowering)  Class-Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)  Subclass- Dilleniidae  Order- Ebenales  Family- Sapotaceae (Sapodilla)  Genus- Sideroxylon L. (bully)  Species-Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. (gum belly)

3. Decuiduous tree. Can grow 25’ to 40’ tall. 10’ to 30’ in width. Can have a trunk diameter of 1’. Branches reach close to the ground. fig. 1

4. Rough and scaly bark. Usually a brown-ish color. Cut Bark exudes a milky sap. fig. 2 fig. 3

5. Young twigs are light brown. Old twigs turn a blackish gray. The twig ends with a thorn. Thorn is usually straight or slight curved about 2 cm. fig. 4

6. Leaves are oblong and between 1” to 3” long. Leaves are alternate. Whorled on a spur shoot. Rounded tip but come to a point at the bottom. An evergreen color on top with a white fuzzy underside. Leaves turn a yellow-green in the fall. fig. 5

7. Buds grow in a whorled pattern on lateral spur shoots. fig. 6

8. Flowers bloom in early summer. Small white flowers. 2 to 3 mm long. Bundle into cluster of sometimes twenty. fig. 7

9. Blue or black berries that ripen in the fall. Oval in shape. On a stem about.5” long. Fruit is edible by deer, birds, small animals, and humans. fig. 8

10. Native to the south eastern US. Also found in eastern parts of Texas and Oklahoma. Can grow in dry or open rocky areas. It can also grow along streams and in swamps. fig. 9

11. Little ornamental use. More likely to be used along property lines. Settlers children use to eat the sap from cut bark. fig. 11

12. Figure reference- fig. 1-Tree. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.sbs.utexas.edu/bio406d/images/pics/spo/Bumelia%20lanuginosa%20habitlarge.j pg http://www.sbs.utexas.edu/bio406d/images/pics/spo/Bumelia%20lanuginosa%20habitlarge.j pg fig. 2-Bark. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus2/picts/Sideroxylon_lanuginosum_bark.j pg http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus2/picts/Sideroxylon_lanuginosum_bark.j pg fig. 3-Bark. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.wildflower.org/gallery/result.php?id_image=21636 http://www.wildflower.org/gallery/result.php?id_image=21636 fig. 4-Twig. [Web]. Retrieved from http://swbiodiversity.org/images/vasc_herbarium_images/Sapotaceae/photos/Sideroxylon_la nuginosum_s_0.JPG http://swbiodiversity.org/images/vasc_herbarium_images/Sapotaceae/photos/Sideroxylon_la nuginosum_s_0.JPG fig. 5-Leaf. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htmhttp://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htm fig. 6-Bud. [Web]. Retrieved from http://swbiodiversity.org/images/vasc_herbarium_images/Sapotaceae/photos/Sideroxylon_la nuginosum_s_0.JPG http://swbiodiversity.org/images/vasc_herbarium_images/Sapotaceae/photos/Sideroxylon_la nuginosum_s_0.JPG fig. 7-Flower. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htmhttp://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htm fig. 8 - Fruit. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus2/picts/Sideroxylon_lanuginosum_fruit.j pg http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus2/picts/Sideroxylon_lanuginosum_fruit.j pg fig. 9-Map. [Web]. Retrieved from http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SILAL3from http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SILAL3 fig. 10-Leaves. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/images/low/M830-0701051gk.jpg http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/images/low/M830-0701051gk.jpg All information gathered June 24, 2010

13. Website references - Missouri plant finder. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=M830 http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=M830 - Plants for a future. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Bumelia+lanuginosa http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Bumelia+lanuginosa - Sideroxylon lanuginosum michx. ssp. lanuginosum. (1999, September 9). Retrieved from http://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htmhttp://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/silal3.htm - Southwest environmental information network. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=610&taxauthid=1 http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=610&taxauthid=1 - Texas a&m university system. (2010). Retrieved from http://uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/sila.htm http://uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/sila.htm - Texas native plants database. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://aggie- horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamentals/natives/bumelialanuginosa.htmhttp://aggie- horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamentals/natives/bumelialanuginosa.htm - Usda plants. (2010, May 19). Retrieved from http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=profile&symbol=SIL AL3&display=31 http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=profile&symbol=SIL AL3&display=31 - Virginia tech. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=929 http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=929 All references found June 24, 2010