2. TYPES OF BIRDS MANISHA DAYARAM BANDEBUCHE SUREKHA SUPADU BORSE 2010-2011

3. PICTURES

4. Attracting Hummingbirds Hummingbirds get their energy from flower nectar and the sugar water they find at feeders (recipe below). Hummingbirds get their energy from flower nectar and the sugar water they find at feeders (recipe below).recipe belowrecipe below For protein and real nourishment, however, they eat insects and spiders. For protein and real nourishment, however, they eat insects and spiders. You might try putting out overripe fruit. Banana peels are good to attract flies for your hummingbirds. You might try putting out overripe fruit. Banana peels are good to attract flies for your hummingbirds.

5. COMMON HUMMINGBIRDS Ruby-throated Hummingbird - Midwest and Eastern US Anna's Hummingbird- Western US only.

6. Ohio Bird Migration Ohio Bird Migration Ohio Bird Migration Ohio Bird Migration

7. Bird species have diverse modes of migration

8. Bird species The varied patterns and modes of bird migration as adaptations. adaptations migration has conferred an advantage to only certain bird species, migration has conferred an advantage to only certain bird species, its not evolving in other species that remain resident, sedentary, year-round. a particular species migrates depends on a number of factors. a particular species migrates depends on a number of factors. The climate of the breeding area is important, as few species can with the harsh winters of inland Canada. Canada

9. CEDAR WAXWING

10. CEDAR WAXWING short-distance migrant. short-distance migrant. diurnal (occurring during the day) or nocturnal. diurnal (occurring during the day) or nocturnal. nocturnal migrants e.g. warblers, hummingbirds, and flycatchers,. By migrating at night, they minimize the risk of predation, and avoid the overheating from the energy expended to fly such long distances. nocturnal migrants e.g. warblers, hummingbirds, and flycatchers,. By migrating at night, they minimize the risk of predation, and avoid the overheating from the energy expended to fly such long distances.hummingbirds Those smaller species that migrate during the day they are relatively short and weather-driven, like the larks and finches, Those smaller species that migrate during the day they are relatively short and weather-driven, like the larks and finches,finches They can feed on the wing eg.swallows,swifts. They can feed on the wing eg.swallows,swifts.swallows

11. Migratory birds follow established routes Migration often is concentrated along well- established routes known as flyways. Migration often is concentrated along well- established routes known as flyways. its are shaped by geographical, ecological, and meteorological factors. its are shaped by geographical, ecological, and meteorological factors. Flyways typically follow mountain ranges or coastlines, Flyways typically follow mountain ranges or coastlines, take advantage of updrafts and other wind patterns.or avoid geographical barriers,. take advantage of updrafts and other wind patterns.or avoid geographical barriers,.

12. Patterns of migration

13. Many migratory European and North American species fly south in winter The Northern Pintail breeds in the northern areas of Europe and Asia. The Northern Pintail breeds in the northern areas of Europe and Asia. The distance traveled by migratory birds of the Northern Hemisphere varies widely. The distance traveled by migratory birds of the Northern Hemisphere varies widely. Some European birds, such as the insect-eating warblers, flycatchers, and wagtails, Some European birds, such as the insect-eating warblers, flycatchers, and wagtails, migrate to areas of Africa south of the Sahara migrate to areas of Africa south of the SaharaAfrica North American birds, like the ruby-throated hummingbird, North American birds, like the ruby-throated hummingbird,hummingbird the American robin and several species of grackles, winter in the states along the Gulf Coast. the American robin and several species of grackles, winter in the states along the Gulf Coast. Many northern-breeding ducks, geese, and swans are also long-distance migrants, Many northern-breeding ducks, geese, and swans are also long-distance migrants,ducksgeeseswansducksgeeseswans

14. Some Southern species winter in northern areas

15. The Australian Rainbow Bee-eater winters north of its breeding range. The Australian Rainbow Bee-eater winters north of its breeding range. bird migrations in the Southern Hemisphere are less well-observed than Northern ones), bird migrations in the Southern Hemisphere are less well-observed than Northern ones), many species do in fact breed in the temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere and winter further north in the tropics. many species do in fact breed in the temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere and winter further north in the tropics. The southern African Greater Striped Swallow, the Australian Satin Flycatcher, Dollarbird, and Rainbow Bee-eater, The southern African Greater Striped Swallow, the Australian Satin Flycatcher, Dollarbird, and Rainbow Bee-eater,African AustralianAfrican Australian Eg. seabirds, Wilson's Petrels and Great Shearwaters, Eg. seabirds, Wilson's Petrels and Great Shearwaters,

16. Tropical migration: Wet and dry seasons

17. Tropical migration The Woodland Kingfisher migrates into the equatorial zone during the dry season. The Woodland Kingfisher migrates into the equatorial zone during the dry season. There is little variation in the length of day throughout the year, There is little variation in the length of day throughout the year, it is always warm enough for an adequate food supply. it is always warm enough for an adequate food supply. genuine long-distance migrants within the tropics. An eg is the Lesser Cuckoo, which breeds in India. genuine long-distance migrants within the tropics. An eg is the Lesser Cuckoo, which breeds in India. theyspends the non-breeding season in Africa. theyspends the non-breeding season in Africa. some tropical species movements of varying distances depending on rainfall. Many tropical regions have cycles of wet and dry seasons,. An example of a bird the Woodland Kingfisher of west Africa. some tropical species movements of varying distances depending on rainfall. Many tropical regions have cycles of wet and dry seasons,. An example of a bird the Woodland Kingfisher of west Africa. Africa