1. Pandemic Flu Putting a Plan into Place This material was produced under grant number SH-17035-08-60-F-11 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. These materials do not necessarily reflect views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of any trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

2. Definitions Epidemic disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time Pandemic occurring over a wide geographic area and affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the population

3. 3 Fast Facts 30,000 people die every year from influenza or complications of influenza. Some viruses and bacteria can live from 20 minutes up to 2 hours or more on fomites. Addressing the spread of germs in schools and colleges is essential. –new–new

4. Modes of Transmission Droplets Airborne particles Fomites Vaccination Culture Fewer than 50% get vaccinated now Vaccination Culture Fewer than 50% get vaccinated now 4

5. 5 Good Health Habits for Preventing Seasonal Flu Vaccination is the single best way to prevent the flu Other habits include: –Avoid close contact (social distancing) –Stay home when you are sick –Cover your mouth and nose –Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth –Wash your hands – soap & water (or alcohol gel) –Practice other good health habits

7. Influenza Pandemics 20 th Century A(H1N1)A(H2N2)A(H3N2) 1918: “Spanish Flu” 1957: “Asian Flu”1968: “Hong Kong Flu” 50 - 100 M deaths >1 M US deaths 1-4 M deaths ~70,000 US deaths 1-4 M deaths ~34,000 US deaths Credit: US National Museum of Health and Medicine

8. Avian influenza (H5N1) 285 cases with 170 deaths, representing a case-fatality rate of 59% Indonesia, Viet Nam, Cambodia, Thailand, China, Turkey, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Egypt Almost all cases with direct contact with poultry, no confirmed human to human cases 8

10. H5N1 Avian Influenza Vs. Pandemic Influenza

11. Pandemic Flu Global outbreak of human disease Caused by a new influenza virus - people will not have any natural immunity Is inevitable 11

12. Potential Consequences of a Pandemic Today High mortality rates & long-term medical problems Limited amounts of medications and vaccines Events will quickly overwhelm local & state resources Travel restrictions & reduction of airline flights Quarantine of geographic areas In the first 6 weeks of a pandemic – worst case 1.2 million people are infected 245,000 - 612,000 are clinically ill 180,000 - 470,000 outpatient medical visits 24,436 – 57,216 people are hospitalized Up to 11,500 people are dead In the first 6 weeks of a pandemic – worst case 1.2 million people are infected 245,000 - 612,000 are clinically ill 180,000 - 470,000 outpatient medical visits 24,436 – 57,216 people are hospitalized Up to 11,500 people are dead

13. 40% Healthcare Workers Ill 90 million cases of influenza 10 million hospitalizations 1.48 million i.c. patients 745,000 patients needing ventilators

14. Pandemic Impact Health Care System Extreme staffing shortages Shortage of beds, facility space, supplies Hospital morgues, Medical Examiner and mortuary services overwhelmed Infrastructure Significant disruption of transportation, public works, commerce, utilities, energy, and communications, emergency response 14

15. Pandemic Impact – Business and Government High absenteeism Significant threat to continuity of government Challenges getting to / from worksite Psychological impacts on workforce will be extreme Economic losses will be long term Schools and colleges will be closed 15

16. School Planning and Preparation DHHS pandemic check lists Pandemic influenza preparedness – incorporating into existing emergency preparedness plans 16

17. Elements of School Pandemic Plan Incident command structure at each school Procedures for communicating: –with public health officials –With parents, staff on school closures Procedure for sending ill individuals home Education and training 17

18. Key Union Issues! What is your school district or college’s plan? –Has the union been involved in the planning process? Union issues: –Pay and benefits –Essential personnel –Use of sick time –Worker protection –Distance learning –Education and training 18

19. 19 Protections at Work: OSHA Recommends that Employers Encourage Staff to: –Stay at home when sick. –Wash their hands frequently with soap and water or with hand sanitizer if there is no soap or water available. –Avoid touching their noses, mouths, and eyes. –Cover their coughs and sneezes with a tissue, or to cough and sneeze into their upper sleeves if tissues are not available. –Practice social distancing by maintaining a separation of at least 6 feet from other staff, students and the public.

20. Taking Care of Yourself: Airborne Protection CDC recommends at a minimum a N-95, N-99 or N-100 disposable respirator 20

21. 21 Protections at Work: Other Recommendations Sink locations and restrooms should be stocked with soap, paper towels or working hand dryers. Commonly touched surfaces such as door handles, handrails, eating surfaces, desks, etc., should be cleaned at least daily. Standard cleaning products are adequate (including soap and water), most important is the frequency of cleaning. Children with symptoms should be sent to the nurse to be sent home, if possible. Promote healthy lifestyles, including good nutrition, exercise, and smoking cessation. A person's overall health impacts their body's immune system and can affect their ability to fight off, or recover from, an infectious disease.

22. What’s in Your Plan? 22