1. Writing Proposals and Getting Funded Chris Kim, Chapman University cskim@chapman.edu Tessa Hill, UC Davis tmhill@ucdavis.edu

2. Outline of topics Interacting with your Program Officer Sources for finding funding opportunities Elements of successful proposals  Basic  Advanced  Resubmissions  Myths debunked Strategies for proposal writing

3. Your Program Officer… 1.Is a scholar in your field (usually) who knows what everybody is doing & is formative in directing the scholarship of your field; Can be permanent or temporary 1.Coordinates & runs the review process 2.Executes or makes funding decisions, depending upon agency policies 1.Advocates for your field in competition with other research areas and budget priorities. 1.Continues to work with you throughout your grant and is interested in your success

4. Ask your Program Officer… (After doing your homework) 1.Does your program fund this type of research? 2.What is the average program budget and success rate; how many proposals in a competition? 3.What is the typical size of a successful “new investigator” project in this program? 4.What is the review and decision-making process in this program? 5.Are there special programs for which I qualify and how can I be considered for them? 6.Are you aware of other agencies or organizations that fund this kind of project?

5. Exercise: Professional Introductions Name Institution What interests you? Why it is important? Why should it be funded?

6. Get funding calls for proposals to come to you Your Sponsored Projects Office  Meet your SPO contact, make him/her familiar with your work Individual Agency email lists  E.g. NSF (http://nsf.gov/funding/)http://nsf.gov/funding/ Community of Scholars – Pivot  http://pivot.cos.com (Free 30-day trial) http://pivot.cos.com Discipline-specific listservs Acknowledgements sections at conference presentations Meeting with your program officers

7. A good source for information about Grant Writing: http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/earlycareer/research/funding.html

8. Take advantage of special opportunities Packard Fellowship http://www.packard.org/what-we- fund/conservation-and-science/packard-fellowships-for-science- and-engineering/ http://www.packard.org/what-we- fund/conservation-and-science/packard-fellowships-for-science- and-engineering/ NSF CAREER/PECASE http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503214 http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503214 DOE Early Career Awards http://science.energy.gov/early- career/ http://science.energy.gov/early- career/ HHMI Professorships (for undergrad research) http://www.hhmi.org/programs/society-of-hhmi-professors http://www.hhmi.org/programs/society-of-hhmi-professors Opportunities at your institution for early career faculty

10. Begin your strategic plan worksheet Why is this topic important? What is unique/transformative about the research? What are the benefits of this research? How does this research fit with your overall career plan?

11. Elements of Successful Proposals: Basic 1. Addresses the criteria of the specific call, and general proposal review criteria 2. Is hypothesis or question driven… objectives/hypotheses/questions appear on the first 1-2 pages 3. Identifies the scientific need to be met or scientific problems to be addressed by the proposed project 4. Well organized, with underlining, differences in type, spacing, TITLES, to call attention to main points and structure 5. Is very well cited with ‘classic’ and ‘new’ literature 6. Budget is consistent with narrative, meets funding agency guidelines, and is sufficient to perform the work proposed 7. Written in easily readable font, doesn’t pack text into too little space

12. Elements of Successful Proposals: Advanced 1. Exactly meets the criteria of the specific call for proposals. 2. Addresses alternative hypotheses/explanations for potential outcomes. 3. Includes compelling and convincing preliminary/pilot data. 4. Has incorporated strategies learned from reviewing proposals, serving on a review panel, or soliciting successful proposals from others 5. Reflects direct communications and advice you have received from your relevant program officer. 6. Demonstrates (e.g. through results from prior research) that you are a leader in this field. 7. Contains a list of reviewers whom you have cultivated (e.g. had scientific exchanges, attended workshops together, given invited talks, co-led conference sessions) and have cited. Bonus points: Is interesting AND easy to read.

13. Elements of Successful Proposals: Resubmissions 1. Specifically and directly addresses each review critique 2. Has substantially revised, rewritten, or removed sections that were critiqued in earlier reviews. 3. Updates preliminary/pilot data and interpretations. 4. Incorporates new references that may have appeared since the previous submission (or were missed in the prior proposal). 5. Has a refined/revised list of potential reviewers based on reviews (some reading between the lines required). 6. Appears noticeably stronger that the prior version.

14. Tip: The flowchart

15. Tip: The timeline

16. Tip: The boxed text and bullet points

17. NSF proposals – Myths and Facts EOS article, 18 Dec 2012 (data are from Ocean Sciences Program, which is part of Geosciences Directorate)  Junior investigators have just as good of a chance of getting funded as their senior colleagues  For Broader Impacts, it is better to do one thing well than to propose a multi-faceted program for many different groups  60-75% of proposals funded are first submissions (20-22% second submissions, 5-10% third submissions). Success rates of resubmissions were “generally close” to first submissions.

18. Complete your strategic plan worksheet What resources do you need to be successful? What are some potential funding sources for this research? What strategies will you apply to develop your proposal? If funded, what is the timeline for this research?

19. Workshop leaders: Proposal-writing strategies Strategy/advice/tips for writing successful proposals How you incorporate(d) undergraduate/graduate students into your research How you obtained continued funding after your first successful grant How you deal with rejections (an inevitability!)

20. Questions?