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Miller and Levine biology 7.1 – 7.2
Introduction to Cells Miller and Levine biology 7.1 – 7.2
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How do we know cells exist?
In 1665 Robert Hooke used an early microscope to examine a piece of cork (plant material). At the same time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a single lens microscope to examine pond water. Where did the term cells come from?
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Cell Theory Following the discovery of cells, scientists agreed that both plants and animals are made of cells and are the smallest units of life. This lead to a cornerstone of biology known as “Cell Theory”. Cell Theory states: All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things. New cells are produced from existing cells.
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How do we study cells? Light microscopes
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How do we study cells? Electron microscopes
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Two major cell categories
Prokaryotic Bacteria Eukaryotic Animal cells Plant cells
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What are the differences?
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Generally smaller and simpler Generally larger and more complex DO NOT separate genetic material DO separate their genetic in nucleus in nucleus
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Why are cells small?
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How are cells organized?
Cell membrane/wall Cytoplasm Nucleus Within the cell are various organelles which you will read about in chapter 7.2 (Pg. 196)
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