1. sc2003 S.Wallach1 Super Networking Evolution of the Grid SC2003 swallach@chiaro.com

2. sc2003 S.Wallach2 Speakers Dan Blumenthal Larry Smarr Andrew Chien Jason Leigh Rick Stevens

3. sc2003 S.Wallach3 Grid Day 0 – Circa 1975 Users Central Processor Unit Main Memory RS- 232 DISK Device Drivers Timesharing

4. sc2003 S.Wallach4 Grid Day 1 – Circa 1982 Central Processor Unit Main Memory DISK Workstations Ethernet – Layer 2 (TCP/IP ) Network Stack

5. sc2003 S.Wallach5 Grid Day 2 - Circa 1987 (client/server) Workstations LAN Switch.Ethernet - Layer 2(TCP/IP).Heterogeneous Environments.Software – FTP, RLOGIN LAN Disk LAN Central Processor Unit Main Memory LAN Central Processor Unit Main Memory

6. sc2003 S.Wallach6 Node Topology Change Client/Server LAN Switch WAN Switch Client/Server LAN Switch AKA Router.Separate Addressing Domains for LAN and WAN References.. Separate Switches – Layer 2 & Layer 3.Dynamic Routing Protocols (BGP, OSPF, etc).Optical Transmission for Wide Area Network (Bandwidth the same for local or wide-area) Storage

7. sc2003 S.Wallach7 AMPLIFIER TECHNOLOGY (WDM)

8. sc2003 S.Wallach8 Grid Day 3 – Networked (Early 90s) WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage Long Haul T1/OC3-12 WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage

9. sc2003 S.Wallach9 Grid Day 4 (today) – Grid Enabled - TeraGrid Storage.Optics is the Enabler.Homogeneous Development Environments.Multiple Lambdas (4) Long Haul OC48/192 (Sonet) WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage A Cluster is a LOCAL GRID WAN Switch LAN Switch Storage

10. sc2003 S.Wallach10 Grid Day 5 (Future) – Layer 3 IPv4/6 WAN Switch LAN Switch Integrated LAN/WAN Switch.Layer 3 Switching and Addressing is inherently Global in Nature..New Transport Protocols (Reliable UDP, XCP, SABLE, etc).Global view of the Grid to support (design @1, execute @2, store @3).DWDW – Multiple Optical Channels - Terabits/sec (Multiple Lambdas).Cluster/SMP has integrated Grid Support Storage

11. sc2003 S.Wallach11 The OptIPuter 2003 Experimental Network Wide Array of Vendors

12. sc2003 S.Wallach12 Global Architecture of a 2009 COTS PetaFLOPS System I/O ALL-OPTICAL SWITCH Multi-Die Multi-Processor 1 2 3 64 63 49 48 4 5 16 17 18 32 33 47 46 128 Die/Box 4 CPU/Die 10meters= 50 nanosec Delay... LAN/WAN Source: Steve Wallach, Supercomputing 2000 Keynote Systems Become GRID Enabled